Assouguem Amine, Kara Mohammed, Ramzi Amal, Annemer Saoussan, Kowalczyk Alicja, Ali Essam A, Moharram Bushra Abdulkarim, Lazraq Abderrahim, Farah Abdellah
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imozzer, Fez, Morocco.
Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 22;2022:2004623. doi: 10.1155/2022/2004623. eCollection 2022.
Currently, pests control using chemical acaricides constitutes worries for ecologists and health care people as these chemical products create damage to the ecosystem as well as the development of spider mites resistance. Such concerns request deep and rapid feedback by looking for new alternative and eco-friendly methods. In recent years, a new field is evolving in the use of essential oils in pest management practices. Essential oils have been considered as potential pest management agents, because they demonstrate to have a broad range of bioactivity, possess contact, and fumigant toxicity. In addition, the major advantages of many plant-based acaricides lie in their low toxicity to agroecosystems. Botanical acaricides composed of essential oils may prove to be a good choice for the more persistent synthetic acaricides. In this study, the acaricidal effect of four plant-derived essential oils against adults of the two important crop pests, (Koch) 1836 and (Klein) 1936 are studied. The fumigant toxicity revealed that all the essential oils tested L., L., L., and Benth (Lamiaceae family) displayed an acaricidal effect. At the highest dose (625 µl/ml), mortalities recorded were found between 91 and 98% and 92 and 99% at 24 and 48 h, respectively, for , and between 90 and 98% and 94 and 99% at 24 and 48 h, respectively, for . The L. essential oil represents the highest activity against and . For the binary combination between the EOs (essential oils) and the acaricide based on the active ingredient acequinocyl, the results showed that the mixture of EO (essential oil) + acequinocyl exhibited an important acaricidal effect on and with 99% at 24 h and 100% at 48 h of mortality, followed by EO + acequinocyl with 92% at 24 h and 95% at 48 h for as well as 99% at 24 h and 100% at 48 h for of mortality. Whereas, the mixture of EO + acequinocyl presented the lowest activity against and with 82-87% at 24 h and 86-90% at 48 h, respectively. The mixtures ( EO + acequinocyl, EO + acequinocyl, and EO + acequinocyl) exerted a high acaricidal effect against . These promising results could help to develop botanical pesticides that could be used in integrated pest management.
目前，使用化学杀螨剂防治害虫引起了生态学家和医护人员的担忧，因为这些化学产品会对生态系统造成破坏，还会导致红蜘蛛产生抗药性。出于这些担忧，需要通过寻找新的替代方法和环保方法来获得深入且快速的反馈。近年来，在害虫管理实践中使用精油的新领域正在不断发展。精油被认为是潜在的害虫管理剂，因为它们具有广泛的生物活性，具备触杀和熏蒸毒性。此外，许多植物源杀螨剂的主要优点在于它们对农业生态系统的低毒性。由精油组成的植物源杀螨剂可能被证明是更持久的合成杀螨剂的一个不错选择。在本研究中，研究了四种植物源精油对两种重要农作物害虫，即1836年的（科赫）和1936年的（克莱因）成虫的杀螨效果。熏蒸毒性表明，所有测试的精油，即唇形科的薰衣草、迷迭香、薄荷和罗勒，均显示出杀螨效果。在最高剂量（625微升/毫升）下，对于，在24小时和48小时记录的死亡率分别在91%至98%和92%至99%之间；对于，在24小时和48小时记录的死亡率分别在90%至98%和94%至99%之间。薰衣草精油对和表现出最高活性。对于精油（EO）与基于活性成分唑螨酯的杀螨剂的二元组合，结果表明，薰衣草精油+唑螨酯的混合物对和表现出重要的杀螨效果，在24小时时死亡率为99%，在48小时时死亡率为100%；其次是迷迭香精油+唑螨酯，对于，在24小时时死亡率为92%，在48小时时死亡率为95%，对于，在24小时时死亡率为99%，在48小时时死亡率为100%。而薄荷精油+唑螨酯的混合物对和的活性最低，在24小时时为82 - 87%，在48小时时为86 - 90%。混合物（薰衣草精油+唑螨酯、迷迭香精油+唑螨酯和薄荷精油+唑螨酯）对表现出高杀螨效果。这些有前景的结果有助于开发可用于综合害虫管理的植物源农药。
