Center for Longitudinal Studies and Laboratory for Studies in Economic Sociology, Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 11 Myasnitskaya, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation.
Laboratory for Labor Market Studies, Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 11 Pokrovsky Boulevard, Moscow 109028, Russian Federation.
Vaccine. 2022 Sep 16;40(39):5739-5747. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.042. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Vaccination is the main tool available to handle the COVID-19 pandemic globally. Though no vaccine is proven to be 100% effective, vaccination secures against getting seriously ill and dying from the disease. Russia announced the development of its first domestic vaccine back in August 2020 and launched the nationwide immunization campaign at the beginning of 2021. Despite these achievements, as of mid-October 2021, only 36% of the population got at least one shot of the vaccine. Massive vaccination hesitancy and refusal pose a great threat to public health and postpone social and economic recovery. Using nationally representative data from the general adult population of Russia, this study explores the scope of vaccination hesitancy and refusal as well as the determinants of vaccination attitudes. The results suggest that only 45% of the Russian population demonstrated positive attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccination prior to the launch of a nationwide vaccination program. We analyze a wide array of demographic, socio-economic, and health-related factors in relation to vaccination intentions and explore the deep-rooted causes of vaccination reluctance by looking at personality traits, religiosity, and trust. The obtained results are vital for designing policy measures to promote vaccination.
接种疫苗是全球应对 COVID-19 大流行的主要手段。虽然没有哪种疫苗被证明能达到 100%的有效性，但接种疫苗可以预防重病和死于该疾病。俄罗斯早在 2020 年 8 月就宣布开发其首款国产疫苗，并于 2021 年初启动全国免疫接种运动。尽管取得了这些成就，但截至 2021 年 10 月中旬，只有 36%的人口接种了至少一剂疫苗。大规模的疫苗犹豫和拒绝对公共卫生构成了巨大威胁，并推迟了社会和经济的复苏。本研究使用俄罗斯普通成年人群的全国代表性数据，探讨了疫苗犹豫和拒绝的范围，以及疫苗接种态度的决定因素。结果表明，在全国性疫苗接种计划启动之前，只有 45%的俄罗斯人对 COVID-19 疫苗接种持积极态度。我们分析了一系列与接种意愿相关的人口统计学、社会经济和与健康相关的因素，并通过研究人格特质、宗教信仰和信任，探讨了接种意愿的深层次原因。这些结果对于制定促进接种的政策措施至关重要。
