Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 1;12(1):14898. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19186-5.
Job loss is a stressful event that increases the risk of experiencing depression and anxiety, especially during the initial months of unemployment. This study examined differences in psychological symptoms and resilient functioning accounted by employment status. The results pointed out that recently unemployed compared to currently employed individuals had lower levels of perceived controllability and resilience as well as higher levels of depression and anxiety. Path analyses showed that lower controllability appraisals at wave 1 of recently unemployed compared to employed individuals, in turn, predicted a lower use of active coping and reappraisal at wave 2, with the latter further accounting for lower levels in resilience. Higher use of distraction further mediated the relation between employment status and higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Our findings demonstrate the importance of controllability appraisals and coping strategies used to promote adaptive psychological functioning following job loss.
失业是一件充满压力的事情，会增加人们抑郁和焦虑的风险，尤其是在失业的最初几个月。本研究考察了就业状况导致的心理症状和适应功能的差异。结果表明，与目前在职的人相比，最近失业的人感知到的可控性和适应力较低，抑郁和焦虑程度较高。路径分析表明，与在职者相比，最近失业者在第 1 波的可控性评估较低，这反过来又预示着第 2 波的主动应对和再评估的使用较低，而后者进一步说明适应力较低。分心的使用进一步调节了就业状况与较高水平的抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明，在失业后，对可控性的评估和应对策略的使用对于促进适应性的心理功能非常重要。
