Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Oncogene. 2022 Oct;41(41):4573-4590. doi: 10.1038/s41388-022-02443-2. Epub 2022 Sep 1.
The immune system is comprised of both innate and adaptive immune cells, which, in the context of cancer, collectively function to eliminate tumor cells. However, tumors can actively sculpt the immune landscape to favor the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which promotes tumor growth and progression to metastatic disease. Glycoprotein-NMB (GPNMB) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. It can promote primary tumor growth and metastasis, and GPNMB expression correlates with poor prognosis and shorter recurrence-free survival in patients. There is growing evidence supporting an immunosuppressive role for GPNMB in the context of malignancy. This review provides a description of the emerging roles of GPNMB as an inducer of immunosuppression, with a particular focus on its role in mediating cancer progression by restraining pro-inflammatory innate and adaptive immune responses.
免疫系统由固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞组成，这些细胞在癌症的背景下共同作用以消除肿瘤细胞。然而，肿瘤可以积极塑造免疫景观，有利于建立免疫抑制微环境，促进肿瘤生长和转移到转移性疾病。糖蛋白-NMB（GPNMB）是一种在多种癌症中过度表达的跨膜糖蛋白。它可以促进原发性肿瘤的生长和转移，并且 GPNMB 的表达与患者预后不良和无复发生存时间较短相关。越来越多的证据支持 GPNMB 在恶性肿瘤中的免疫抑制作用。本综述提供了 GPNMB 作为免疫抑制诱导物的新兴作用的描述，特别关注其通过抑制促炎固有和适应性免疫反应来介导癌症进展的作用。
