Williams Dominique R, Chaves Eileen, Greenwood Nicole E, Kushner Jennifer, Chelvakumar Gayathri, Swaringen Shanna E, Leibowitz Scott F
Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, USA.
Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Curr Obes Rep. 2022 Dec;11(4):215-226. doi: 10.1007/s13679-022-00480-2. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
The relationships between gender identity, body image, and gender expression are complex, requiring a gender affirming approach to address weight management. This purpose of this review is to describe the essentials to caring for gender diverse youth, as well as the differences and intersections among those with obesity.
Gender-affirming hormone therapy may lead to abnormal weight gain and increased body mass index, or worsen obesity and exacerbate weight-related complications. Moreover, given the high prevalence of victimization, marginalization, and stigmatization among gender diverse people and youth with obesity, care guidelines and treatment goals should also include reducing the negative impact of social-related complications. Despite the overlap in clinical care and lived experiences that impact the health of gender diverse youth with obesity, there is very little research to help guide clinicians. Careful attention to medical and behavioral comorbidities, barriers to care, and health disparities can inform clinical practice. Future research that specifically addresses nuances to care for gender diverse youth with obesity can help to establish standards of care to address their unmet needs and further support clinicians, patients and their families.
性别认同、身体意象和性别表达之间的关系错综复杂，需要采用性别肯定方法来解决体重管理问题。本综述的目的是描述照顾性别多样化青少年的要点，以及肥胖青少年之间的差异和交叉情况。
性别肯定激素疗法可能导致体重异常增加和体重指数上升，或使肥胖恶化并加重与体重相关的并发症。此外，鉴于性别多样化人群和肥胖青少年中受害、边缘化和污名化现象普遍存在，护理指南和治疗目标还应包括减少社会相关并发症的负面影响。尽管临床护理和生活经历存在重叠，影响着肥胖的性别多样化青少年的健康，但几乎没有研究可帮助指导临床医生。仔细关注医学和行为共病、护理障碍及健康差异可为临床实践提供参考。未来专门针对照顾肥胖的性别多样化青少年的细微差别进行的研究，有助于确立护理标准，以满足他们未被满足的需求，并进一步支持临床医生、患者及其家庭。
