Dewan Hitesh, Patel Hiren, Pandya Haren, Bhavsar Bijal, Shah Urvi, Singh Surya
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Dharamsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2022 May-Aug;13(2):180-189. doi: 10.4103/njms.NJMS_175_20. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
Mucormycosis is a modern-day lifestyle disease that has burst into the health-care scenario. It is an opportunistic fungal infection that proliferates into the immunocompromised host by invasion of the fungus into the paranasal sinuses, thereby invading the palate, maxilla, and orbit. Left untreated it invades the cranial components such as cavernous sinus, skull base, and brain. Mucormycosis invades blood vessels, making these infections highly angioinvasive. We reviewed 45 cases of mucormycois of the head-and-neck region from 2010 to 2020 on the basis of electronic search peer-reviewed journals in Medline (PubMed) database. Presenting symptoms, risk factors, history of extraction, and treatment were tabulated and the data were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 53.8 years. 73.93% of patients had diabetes mellitus, 13.63% of patients had no immunocompromised state, and 8.74% of patients had other medical disorders. About 34.78% of cases had a history of extraction prior to manifestation of symptoms. Mucormycosis remains difficult to treat disease with a high mortality rate. At present, the triad of clinician's awareness, appropriate antifungal therapy, and aggressive surgical intervention represents treatment protocols against the disease.
毛霉病是一种突然出现在医疗保健领域的现代生活方式疾病。它是一种机会性真菌感染，通过真菌侵入鼻窦，进而侵入腭、上颌骨和眼眶，在免疫功能低下的宿主中扩散。如果不进行治疗，它会侵入海绵窦、颅底和大脑等颅脑结构。毛霉病会侵入血管，使这些感染具有高度的血管侵袭性。我们基于对Medline（PubMed）数据库中同行评审期刊的电子检索，回顾了2010年至2020年45例头颈部毛霉病病例。将呈现的症状、危险因素、拔牙史和治疗情况制成表格并进行数据分析。患者的平均年龄为53.8岁。73.93%的患者患有糖尿病，13.63%的患者没有免疫功能低下状态，8.74%的患者患有其他疾病。约34.78%的病例在症状出现前有拔牙史。毛霉病仍然是一种难以治疗且死亡率很高的疾病。目前，临床医生的意识、适当的抗真菌治疗和积极的手术干预这三者构成了针对该疾病的治疗方案。
