Wang Sen, Li Shi-Cai, Cheng Fang-Shu, Ren Ting, Mei Da-Hai, Gao Kun, Song Qiu-Yan
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Chem Biodivers. 2022 Oct;19(10):e202200351. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200351. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
Essential oils produced by Cymbopogon distans and Ruta graveolens with a similar Chinese name could be explained as book fragrance in the Chinese idiom 'shu xiang men di', namely, a wealthy intellectual family according to ancient Chinese. Therefore, volatile oils from these two plants and their main compounds were tested to explore their antifungal, repellent, and insecticide actions. In this study, the essential olis (EO) of C. distans exhibited significant antifungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifera (97 %), Mucor racemosus (97 %), and Trichoderma viride (84 %); its main compounds exhibit interesting activity, such as methyleugenol (87 %) and elemicine (85 %) against T. viride and butyl hydroxytoluene against M. racemosus (90 %) and R. stolonifera (95 %). The EO of R. graveolens and other major chemical constituents showed weak inhibitory effects against other fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum). Then, EO (C. distans and R. graveolens) and its main compounds exhibited obvious repellent activity (more than 85 %) at a concentration of 16 nL/cm , which was consistent with the repellency of the positive control (DEET). In terms of insecticidal activity, the mortality of C. distans volatile oil against R. padi (56.4 %) was lower than that of R. graveolens volatile oil (92.4 %), and all compounds showed weak lethal effects. These results provide a natural substance for controlling fungi and insects when storing books and that can be used as a biological pesticide for industrial production. Through our study, the book fragrance in the Chinese idiom 'shu xiang men di' was speculated to be the EO odor of C. distans.
中文名相近的香茅和芸香所产生的精油，在中国成语“书香门第”中可被解释为书香味，即按照中国古代说法是富裕的知识分子家庭。因此，对这两种植物的挥发油及其主要成分进行了测试，以探究它们的抗真菌、驱避和杀虫作用。在本研究中，香茅的精油对匍枝根霉（97%）、总状毛霉（97%）和绿色木霉（84%）表现出显著的抗真菌活性；其主要成分表现出有趣的活性，如甲基丁香酚（对绿色木霉为87%）和榄香素（对绿色木霉为85%），以及丁基羟基甲苯对总状毛霉（90%）和匍枝根霉（95%）。芸香的精油和其他主要化学成分对其他真菌（黄曲霉和尖孢镰刀菌）表现出较弱的抑制作用。然后，香茅和芸香的精油及其主要成分在浓度为16 nL/cm时表现出明显的驱避活性（超过85%），这与阳性对照（避蚊胺）的驱避性一致。在杀虫活性方面，香茅挥发油对稻飞虱的死亡率（56.4%）低于芸香挥发油（92.4%），且所有化合物的致死作用都较弱。这些结果为藏书时控制真菌和昆虫提供了一种天然物质，可作为工业生产的生物农药。通过我们的研究，推测中国成语“书香门第”中的书香味是香茅的精油气味。
