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白昼长度的季节性变化引发多突触神经递质转换，以调节下丘脑网络活动和行为。

Seasonal changes in day length induce multisynaptic neurotransmitter switching to regulate hypothalamic network activity and behavior.

作者信息

Porcu Alessandra, Nilsson Anna, Booreddy Sathwik, Barnes Samuel A, Welsh David K, Dulcis Davide

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.

出版信息

Sci Adv. 2022 Sep 2;8(35):eabn9867. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9867.

DOI:10.1126/sciadv.abn9867
PMID:36054362
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10848959/
Abstract

Seasonal changes in day length (photoperiod) affect numerous physiological functions. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)-paraventricular nucleus (PVN) axis plays a key role in processing photoperiod-related information. Seasonal variations in SCN and PVN neurotransmitter expression have been observed in humans and animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the SCN-PVN network responds to altered photoperiod is unknown. Here, we show in mice that neuromedin S (NMS) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) neurons in the SCN display photoperiod-induced neurotransmitter plasticity. In vivo recording of calcium dynamics revealed that NMS neurons alter PVN network activity in response to winter-like photoperiod. Chronic manipulation of NMS neurons is sufficient to induce neurotransmitter switching in PVN neurons and affects locomotor activity. Our findings reveal previously unidentified molecular adaptations of the SCN-PVN network in response to seasonality and the role for NMS neurons in adjusting hypothalamic function to day length via a coordinated multisynaptic neurotransmitter switching affecting behavior.

摘要

白昼时长（光周期）的季节性变化会影响众多生理功能。视交叉上核（SCN）-室旁核（PVN）轴在处理与光周期相关的信息方面起着关键作用。在人类和动物模型中均观察到了SCN和PVN神经递质表达的季节性变化。然而，SCN-PVN网络对改变的光周期作出反应的分子机制尚不清楚。在此，我们在小鼠中发现，SCN中的神经介素S（NMS）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）神经元表现出光周期诱导的神经递质可塑性。对钙动力学的体内记录显示，NMS神经元会响应类似冬季的光周期改变PVN网络活动。对NMS神经元的长期调控足以诱导PVN神经元中的神经递质转换，并影响运动活动。我们的研究结果揭示了SCN-PVN网络此前未被识别的、对季节性变化作出反应的分子适应性，以及NMS神经元通过协调多突触神经递质转换来调整下丘脑功能以适应白昼时长从而影响行为的作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/790598996a7e/sciadv.abn9867-f10.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/0c543563faf5/sciadv.abn9867-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/2b0f10d7eb2d/sciadv.abn9867-f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/f779806f8808/sciadv.abn9867-f9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/790598996a7e/sciadv.abn9867-f10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/723dfff7d888/sciadv.abn9867-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/5b37c9d11927/sciadv.abn9867-f2.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/37ea46e8a8ff/sciadv.abn9867-f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/6f123c5774b1/sciadv.abn9867-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/5eb1f7c6176a/sciadv.abn9867-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/0c543563faf5/sciadv.abn9867-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/2b0f10d7eb2d/sciadv.abn9867-f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/f779806f8808/sciadv.abn9867-f9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab3/10848959/790598996a7e/sciadv.abn9867-f10.jpg

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