Navarro Vergara Alberto, González Rabelino Gabriel
Cátedra de Neuropediatría, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Facultad de Medicina, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Cátedra de Neuropediatría, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Facultad de Medicina, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay. E-mail:
Medicina (B Aires). 2022 Aug 30;82 Suppl 3:30-34.
Sleep is the main activity of the developing brain and indispensable for the maturation of the central nervous system. Sleep habits are influenced by biological, social and cultural factors and play a role in learning and memory processes. It is estimated that 25-50% of children have sleep difficulties. There is consensus that insufficient sleep has a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Sleep disorders double their incidence in children with neurological disorders, with a bidirectional reciprocal causal link. They are classified into: insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, centrally caused hypersomnolence disorders, circadian cycle disorders, parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders, and others. Despite the scientific evidence of the importance of sleep in early childhood, a high percentage of children do not comply with the recommended hours of sleep, which reflects the importance of training the pediatrician in this problem, which has increased during the pandemic.
睡眠是发育中大脑的主要活动，对中枢神经系统的成熟不可或缺。睡眠习惯受生物、社会和文化因素影响，并在学习和记忆过程中发挥作用。据估计，25%至50%的儿童存在睡眠困难。人们一致认为，睡眠不足会对神经发育产生负面影响。睡眠障碍在神经疾病患儿中的发病率会翻倍，存在双向因果联系。它们可分为：失眠、睡眠相关呼吸障碍、中枢性嗜睡障碍、昼夜节律障碍、异态睡眠、睡眠相关运动障碍等。尽管有科学证据表明睡眠在幼儿期很重要，但仍有很大比例的儿童未达到建议的睡眠时间，这凸显了儿科医生在这一问题上培训的重要性，而这一问题在疫情期间有所增加。
