Böhrer H, Frost L, Funk W
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed. 1987 Apr;22(2):84-9.
The effects of anaesthesia with 1.0 vol% isoflurane or 0.7 vol% halothane on the microcirculation were studied in the dorsal skin fold chamber of 15 awake Syrian Golden hamsters. To avoid relative hypovolaemia hydroxyethyl starch (HES 450/0.7) was infused to keep the CVP at baseline level. Arterial blood gas values did not change with either of the anaesthetic agents. Mean arterial pressure decreased significantly with isoflurane to 79% of baseline. Small arteries (25-100 micron) did not exhibit any alterations of diameters in both groups, whereas arterioles (less than 25 micron) constricted with isoflurane from 15.5 to 13.3 micron (15 min) and to 12.0 micron (60 min). 10 min after stopping isoflurane further vasoconstriction was regularly noticed (from 51.0 resp. 15.5 micron to 36.6 resp. 9.7 micron) which did not occur after halothane. Spontaneous arteriolar vasomotion was abolished by halothane, but not by isoflurane; in two animals its amplitude increased. Capillary density rose with both anaesthetics: 9.1% (15 min) resp. 9.0% (60 min) with halothane, 14.0% resp. 17.3% with isoflurane. Local tissue pO2 measured in 6 additional hamsters increased during isoflurane from 16.4 to 22.8 mmHg (15 min) and 19.8 mmHg (60 min). It is concluded that isoflurane is less detrimental to local perfusion control than halothane. The preserved regulatory capacity results in a redistribution of microvascular flow and an improvement of oxygen supply to the dorsal skin fold chamber despite arterial hypotension.
在15只清醒的叙利亚金黄地鼠的背部皮肤褶皱腔中，研究了1.0体积%异氟烷或0.7体积%氟烷麻醉对微循环的影响。为避免相对血容量不足，输注羟乙基淀粉（HES 450/0.7）以将中心静脉压维持在基线水平。两种麻醉剂均未使动脉血气值发生变化。异氟烷使平均动脉压显著降低至基线的79%。两组中小动脉（25 - 100微米）直径均未出现任何改变，而异氟烷使小动脉（小于25微米）收缩，从15.5微米收缩至13.3微米（15分钟），并收缩至12.0微米（60分钟）。停止使用异氟烷10分钟后，经常会出现进一步的血管收缩（分别从51.0和15.5微米收缩至36.6和9.7微米），而氟烷麻醉后未出现这种情况。氟烷可消除小动脉的自发性血管运动，但异氟烷不能；在两只动物中其幅度增加。两种麻醉剂均使毛细血管密度增加：氟烷组增加9.1%（15分钟）和9.0%（60分钟），异氟烷组增加14.0%和17.3%。在另外6只地鼠中测量的局部组织pO2在异氟烷麻醉期间从16.4 mmHg升高至22.8 mmHg（15分钟）和19.8 mmHg（60分钟）。结论是，与氟烷相比，异氟烷对局部灌注控制的损害较小。尽管存在动脉低血压，但保留的调节能力导致微血管血流重新分布，并改善了背部皮肤褶皱腔的氧气供应。
