Wang Gang, Wang Fuwen, Pei Haoyu, Li Mei, Bai Fuxia, Lei Chuzhao, Dang Ruihua
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
Genomics. 2022 Nov;114(6):110476. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110476. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Liangzhou donkey is a domestic animal breed distributed on the edge of the Tengger Desert in Gansu Province of China. It has small body size and strong adaptability to dry environments. Here, we sequenced 10 Liangzhou donkey genomes and compared them to the 55 genomes of 8 representative donkey breeds worldwide. The population structure analysis revealed that Liangzhou donkey harboured the ancestry with the Asian domestic donkeys (0.863) and European domestic donkeys (0.137). Three methods (nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium decay and runs of homozygosity) implied the genetic diversity in Liangzhou donkey. In addition, we analyzed the genetic basis of the small body size and drought adaptation of Liangzhou donkey by using F, θπ-ratio, XP-EHH, CLR and θπ methods. We found that the NCAPG-LCORL on chromosome 3 may be a candidate region for small body size trait of Liangzhou donkey. The CYP4A11 gene located on chromosome 5 showed strong sign of selection sweep. CYP4A11 can convert arachidonic acid into 19(S)-HETE, which can promote water reabsorption in renal tubule and enhance the ability of Liangzhou donkey to adapt to dry environment. These results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying population structure of Liangzhou donkeys and provides a valuable resource for future research on donkey breeding in response to climate change.
凉州驴是一种家畜品种，分布于中国甘肃省腾格里沙漠边缘。它体型小，对干旱环境适应性强。在此，我们对10头凉州驴的基因组进行了测序，并将它们与全球8个代表性驴品种的55个基因组进行了比较。群体结构分析表明，凉州驴含有亚洲家驴（0.863）和欧洲家驴（0.137）的祖先成分。三种方法（核苷酸多样性、连锁不平衡衰减和纯合子片段）揭示了凉州驴的遗传多样性。此外，我们使用F、θπ比率、XP-EHH、CLR和θπ方法分析了凉州驴体型小和适应干旱的遗传基础。我们发现3号染色体上的NCAPG-LCORL可能是凉州驴体型小这一性状的候选区域。位于5号染色体上的CYP4A11基因显示出强烈的选择清除信号。CYP4A能够将花生四烯酸转化为19(S)-HETE，这可以促进肾小管对水的重吸收，并增强凉州驴适应干旱环境的能力。这些结果有助于更好地理解凉州驴的潜在群体结构，并为未来应对气候变化的驴育种研究提供宝贵资源。
