Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lancet Microbe. 2022 Sep;3(9):e711-e722. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00265-2. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
The complexity of host-pathogen interactions often leads to distinct clinical outcomes upon infection with different pathogen strains. In this Review, we explore the interactions between the highly diverse Trypanosoma cruzi population and the human host. At least 30% of the 7 million individuals with Chagas disease will develop a severe cardiopathy that is among the deadliest heart diseases known. The diversity of the T cruzi population also creates major hurdles for therapy and vaccine development. We also discuss the ecoepidemiological and geographical distribution of T cruzi strains, their susceptibility to treatment, their antigenic diversity, and their effect on the immune response and on disease outcome. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of understanding the T cruzi host-pathogen relationship for guiding new approaches towards development of therapies and vaccines for Chagas disease, and how the information gained by studying this relationship can inspire solutions for other host-pathogen interactions.
宿主-病原体相互作用的复杂性常常导致感染不同病原体菌株时出现不同的临床结果。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了高度多样化的克氏锥虫群体与人类宿主之间的相互作用。在 700 万患有恰加斯病的人中，至少有 30%会发展成严重的心脏病，这是已知的最致命的心脏病之一。克氏锥虫群体的多样性也给治疗和疫苗开发带来了重大障碍。我们还讨论了克氏锥虫菌株的生态流行病学和地理分布、它们对治疗的敏感性、它们的抗原多样性以及它们对免疫反应和疾病结果的影响。此外，我们强调了理解克氏锥虫宿主-病原体关系对于指导开发治疗恰加斯病的新方法的重要性，以及通过研究这种关系获得的信息如何为其他宿主-病原体相互作用提供解决方案。
