Beijing College of Finance and Commerce, No. 15, Shuuizi East Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
People's Public Security University of China, Huangyi Rd., Daxing District, Beijing, China.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2022 Aug 24;2022:4700325. doi: 10.1155/2022/4700325. eCollection 2022.
The study is conducted to analyze the risk factors and the protective factors of myopia in Chinese adolescents and its correlation with physical activities and then to provide 2 formulas to predict the probability of becoming myopic and the probability of preventing myopia.
This is a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire survey was conducted among 650 students aged 14-17 from 5 schools in Beijing in 2021. The students were divided into two groups: nonmyopia group and myopia group. Statistically significant variables were selected after the univariate analysis for a binary logistic regression analysis.
In the univariate analysis, 18 risk factors of myopia were found and 14 physical-activity-related protective factors were found. In the multivariate analysis, 5 independent factors were found to be positively related to myopia and could be used for calculating the probability of becoming myopic. The 5 factors are gender, staying up late playing smartphones, parental myopia, daily time spent on digital devices, and regular eye examinations. Five physical-activity-related factors were found to be positively related to the prevention of myopia and can be used for the calculation of the probability of preventing myopia. The 5 factors are regular physical activities, attitude towards physical education, daily time spent on in-school physical activities, daily time spent on after-school physical activities, and eye exercises.
The influencing factors of myopia in adolescents mainly include heredity, habits of using eyes, and environment. Physical activities can effectively reduce the probability of becoming myopic in adolescents and promote eye health. Therefore, taking part in physical activities is an effective way to reduce the prevalence of myopia in adolescents.
本研究旨在分析中国青少年近视的危险因素和保护因素及其与体育活动的相关性，并提供 2 个公式来预测近视发生的概率和预防近视的概率。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2021 年在北京 5 所学校对 650 名 14-17 岁的学生进行了问卷调查。学生分为非近视组和近视组。对单因素分析后有统计学意义的变量进行二分类 logistic 回归分析。
在单因素分析中，发现了 18 个近视危险因素和 14 个与体育活动相关的保护因素。在多因素分析中，发现 5 个独立的与近视正相关的因素，可用于计算近视发生的概率。这 5 个因素是性别、熬夜玩手机、父母近视、每天使用数字设备的时间和定期眼部检查。发现 5 个与预防近视正相关的与体育活动相关的因素，可用于计算预防近视的概率。这 5 个因素是定期进行体育活动、对体育课的态度、在校内体育活动上花费的时间、课后体育活动时间和眼保健操。
青少年近视的影响因素主要包括遗传、用眼习惯和环境。体育活动可以有效降低青少年近视的发生率，促进眼健康。因此，参加体育活动是降低青少年近视发生率的有效途径。
