Beesoon Sanjay, Bakal Jeffrey A, Youngson Erik, Williams Kienan P, Berzins Sandra A, Brindle Mary E, Joffe A Mark
Surgery Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Provincial Research Data Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
IJID Reg. 2022 Dec;5:62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.08.011. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
To determine if there was excess mortality in Alberta, Canada during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to confirm if excess mortality affected all age groups equally, and to determine what proportions of excess deaths were directly related to COVID-19 and non-pharmaceutical drug poisoning.
Weekly all-cause data used to estimate excess mortality were modelled against the pre-pandemic period (January 2015-February 2020). Age-adjusted weekly mortality rates for March 2020 to December 2021 were compared with the preceding 5 years.
From March 2020 to December 2021, there was an 11% excess mortality rate, corresponding to an average of 265 monthly excess deaths (maximum >30%). COVID-19-related deaths (=3202) accounted for 54.9% of total excess deaths (=5833) that occurred in the 22-month period. The increase in all-cause excess deaths was proportionately higher, and with significantly greater numbers, in younger age groups. Significant increases in monthly drug poisoning deaths occurred from March 2020 to April 2021, with a total of 1819 deaths. Eight hundred and 25 excess drug poisoning deaths, representing 25.4% of total all-cause excess deaths, occurred, mainly among those aged 25-60 years. Overall, 54.9% of all excess deaths were directly related to COVID-19 and 25.4% were related to drug poisoning.
There was a significant increase in all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although older adults are more likely to die of COVID-19, a massive increase in non-COVID-19-related mortality was observed among younger people. These factors should be considered in public policy decisions on epidemic/pandemic management.
确定在加拿大艾伯塔省2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间是否存在超额死亡率，确认超额死亡率是否对所有年龄组产生同等影响，并确定超额死亡中有多大比例与COVID-19和非药物中毒直接相关。
将用于估计超额死亡率的每周全因数据与大流行前时期（2015年1月至2020年2月）进行建模比较。将2020年3月至2021年12月的年龄调整后每周死亡率与前5年进行比较。
2020年3月至2021年12月，超额死亡率为11%，相当于平均每月有265例超额死亡（最高>30%）。在这22个月期间发生的总超额死亡（=5833例）中，与COVID-19相关的死亡（=3202例）占54.9%。全因超额死亡的增加在较年轻年龄组中按比例更高，且数量显著更多。2020年3月至2021年4月，每月药物中毒死亡人数显著增加，共计1819例死亡。发生了825例超额药物中毒死亡，占全因超额死亡总数的25.4%，主要发生在25至60岁的人群中。总体而言，所有超额死亡中有54.9%与COVID-19直接相关，25.4%与药物中毒相关。
在COVID-19大流行期间，全因死亡率显著增加。尽管老年人更有可能死于COVID-19，但在年轻人中观察到与COVID-19无关的死亡率大幅增加。在关于疫情/大流行管理的公共政策决策中应考虑这些因素。
