Frank Daniel, Neubauer Grace, Bauer Christiane, Kallo Josef, Willich Caroline
Institute for Energy Conversion and Storage, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
ACS Omega. 2022 Aug 17;7(34):29923-29933. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02907. eCollection 2022 Aug 30.
To have more sustainable aviation, ways to reduce lead and gaseous emissions are important and currently large research topics. As further efficiency improvements for internal combustion engines (ICE) have reached a limit, and the research and development of certifiable full and hybrid electric aircrafts are still ongoing, it becomes increasingly important to investigate the use of alternatives to conventional fuels, such as bioethanol. In this study, a state-of-the-art turbocharged 104 kW flight piston engine (BRP Rotax 915 iS) was tested with fuels containing various amounts of ethanol to assess the influence on the engine's performance and emissions. Emission and performance maps covering the full range of engine operation from 4500 to 5800 RPM and about 40 to 110 kW output power were obtained using the standard fuel AvGas 100 LL, its current alternative Super 98 E5, and higher ethanol content fuels Super 98 E10 and Super 95 E20. With 20% ethanol in the fuel blend, a general decrease in CO and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions and an increase in CO and NO were observed compared to the other fuels. Differences in the performance and emissions of the engine were also observed with different manifold air temperatures (MAT).
为实现更可持续的航空，减少铅和气体排放的方法至关重要，且目前是大型研究课题。由于内燃机（ICE）进一步的效率提升已达极限，可认证的全电动和混合动力飞机的研发仍在进行中，研究使用传统燃料的替代品（如生物乙醇）变得愈发重要。在本研究中，一台先进的104千瓦涡轮增压飞行活塞发动机（BRP Rotax 915 iS）使用含有不同乙醇含量的燃料进行测试，以评估对发动机性能和排放的影响。使用标准燃料航空汽油100 LL、其当前替代品超级98 E5以及更高乙醇含量的燃料超级98 E10和超级95 E20，获得了涵盖发动机从4500至5800转/分全运行范围以及约40至110千瓦输出功率的排放和性能图谱。与其他燃料相比，燃料混合物中含有20%乙醇时，观察到一氧化碳（CO）和未燃碳氢化合物（UHC）排放总体下降，二氧化碳（CO₂）和氮氧化物（NOₓ）排放增加。在不同的进气歧管空气温度（MAT）下，也观察到了发动机性能和排放的差异。
