Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, 300-2622, Japan.
Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
J Infect Chemother. 2022 Dec;28(12):1700-1703. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.08.022. Epub 2022 Sep 3.
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and people's subsequent behavioral changes have decreased the cases of respiratory infection worldwide. However, research on infectious diseases with other transmission modes is insufficient. The aim was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-respiratory infectious diseases: infectious enterocolitis, sexually transmitted diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and syphilis, and tick-borne diseases.
This retrospective, cohort study used comprehensive surveillance data from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Japan from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. The number of cases of infectious diseases before the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2019) was compared with that during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). Reduction rates were calculated as the number of disease cases during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, respectively, divided by the mean number of disease cases in 2018 and 2019.
The total numbers of cases of infectious enterocolitis, sexually transmitted diseases, and tick-borne diseases during the study period were 2,507,304 cases, 24,972 cases, and 3012 cases, respectively. The number of cases decreased for infectious enterocolitis and sexually transmitted diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before the COVID-19 pandemic, with an approximately 40-50% decrease in enterocolitis and 30-55% decreases in sexually transmitted diseases. However, cases of tick-borne diseases changed little, with a 0.2% increase in 2020 and a 6% increase in 2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a different impact on the number of cases of infectious diseases depending on their mode of transmission.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行以及随后人们行为的改变，使全球范围内的呼吸道感染病例减少。然而，其他传播模式的传染病研究还不够。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 大流行对非呼吸道传染病的影响：感染性肠炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染和梅毒等性传播疾病以及蜱传疾病。
本回顾性队列研究使用了日本国立传染病研究所从 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日的综合监测数据。将 COVID-19 大流行前（2018-2019 年）的传染病病例数与 COVID-19 大流行期间（2020-2021 年）的病例数进行了比较。减少率计算为 2020 年和 2021 年 COVID-19 大流行期间的疾病病例数除以 2018 年和 2019 年的疾病病例数的平均值。
研究期间，感染性肠炎、性传播疾病和蜱传疾病的总病例数分别为 2507304 例、24972 例和 3012 例。与 COVID-19 大流行前相比，COVID-19 大流行期间感染性肠炎和性传播疾病的病例数减少，肠炎病例数减少约 40-50%，性传播疾病病例数减少 30-55%。然而，蜱传疾病的病例变化不大，2020 年增加了 0.2%，2021 年增加了 6%。
COVID-19 大流行对不同传播模式传染病的病例数量产生了不同的影响。
