Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Division of Medical Psychology and Behavior Science, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Sep 5;22(1):731. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03417-5.
The current study investigated the relationship between behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) knowledge and positive aspects of caregiving (PAC), in addition, how caregiving attitude and self-efficacy mediate or moderate this relationship.
Two hundred twenty-nine formal caregivers (51males and 178females) who has worked in nursing homes for more than a month were recruited.With a cross-sectional, face-to-face survey, structural questionnaires were implemented to evaluate formal caregiver's BPSD knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy and PAC.A 13-item self-developed questionnaire was used to assess caregiver's BPSD knowledge about disease characteristics, care and risks, and treatment needs. Dementia attitude, self-efficacy and positive aspects of caregiving were measured by dementia attitude scale, the General self-efficacy scale, and Chinese version of positive aspects of caregiving respectively. Model 5 in the PROCESS micro was employed in order to verify the mediating effect of attitude and the moderating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between BPSD knowledge and PAC.
The results showed that greater BPSD knowledge was associated with increased PAC, and this relationship was fully mediated by increased friendly attitude toward people with dementia. Moreover, direct effect was moderated by self-efficacy, and that only among those with high self-efficacy, the direct effect of BPSD knowledge was found on promoting PAC.
By elucidating the knowledge-attitude-practice pathway in handling patient's BPSD, the current study extends existing literature and provides insights for developing psychoeducation programs among formal caregivers.
本研究旨在探讨行为和心理症状痴呆症（BPSD）知识与积极的照顾（PAC）之间的关系，此外，还探讨了照顾态度和自我效能如何调节或中介这种关系。
招募了 229 名在养老院工作超过一个月的正式照顾者（51 名男性和 178 名女性）。采用横断面、面对面的调查方法，实施结构问卷评估正式照顾者的 BPSD 知识、态度、自我效能和 PAC。使用自行开发的 13 项问卷评估照顾者对疾病特征、护理和风险以及治疗需求的 BPSD 知识。痴呆症态度、自我效能和积极的照顾分别通过痴呆症态度量表、一般自我效能量表和中文版积极的照顾来衡量。在 PROCESS micro 中采用模型 5 来验证态度的中介作用和自我效能对 BPSD 知识与 PAC 之间关系的调节作用。
结果表明，更多的 BPSD 知识与 PAC 的增加有关，而这种关系完全通过对痴呆症患者的友好态度的增加来介导。此外，直接效应受到自我效能的调节，只有在自我效能较高的情况下，BPSD 知识对促进 PAC 的直接效应才会显现。
通过阐明处理患者 BPSD 的知识-态度-实践途径，本研究扩展了现有文献，并为正式照顾者的心理教育计划提供了新的思路。
