Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, CS, France.
Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France.
Brain Struct Funct. 2022 Dec;227(9):3145-3160. doi: 10.1007/s00429-022-02558-y. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Motor awareness is a complex, multifaceted construct involving the awareness of both (i) one's motor state while executing a movement or remaining still and (ii) one's motor abilities. The analysis of neurological syndromes associated with motor disorders suggests the existence of various different components which are, however, integrated into a model of motor awareness. These components are: (i) motor intention, namely, a conscious desire to perform an action; (ii) motor monitoring and error recognition, that is, the capacity to check the execution of the action and identify motor errors; and (iii) a general awareness of one's own motor abilities and deficits, that is, the capacity to recognize the general state of one's motor abilities about the performance of specific actions and the potential consequences of motor impairment. Neuroanatomical correlates involving the parietal and insular cortices, the medial and lateral frontal regions, and subcortical structures (basal ganglia and limbic system) support this multi-component model. Specific damage (or disconnections) to these structures results in a number of different disorders in motor awareness, such as anosognosia for hemiplegia and apraxia, and a number of symptoms which are specific to motor intention disorders (e.g., the Anarchic Hand Syndrome and Tourette's Syndrome) or motor monitoring (e.g., Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases). All of these clinical conditions are discussed in the light of a motor awareness model.
运动意识是一个复杂的、多方面的概念，涉及到对（i）执行动作或静止时自身运动状态的意识，以及（ii）自身运动能力的意识。对与运动障碍相关的神经综合征的分析表明，存在着各种不同的组成部分，然而这些组成部分被整合到了一个运动意识模型中。这些组成部分是：（i）运动意图，即执行动作的有意识的愿望；（ii）运动监测和错误识别，即检查动作执行并识别运动错误的能力；以及（iii）对自身运动能力和缺陷的一般意识，即识别执行特定动作时自身运动能力的一般状态以及运动障碍潜在后果的能力。涉及顶叶和脑岛皮质、内侧和外侧额区以及皮质下结构（基底神经节和边缘系统）的神经解剖学相关性支持这种多成分模型。这些结构的特定损伤（或断开）导致运动意识的多种不同障碍，例如偏瘫和失用症的否认症，以及一些特定于运动意图障碍的症状（例如，无政府手综合征和妥瑞氏症）或运动监测（例如，帕金森病和亨廷顿病）。所有这些临床情况都根据运动意识模型进行了讨论。
