Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Adv Neurobiol. 2022;28:281-319. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-07167-6_12.
Extraocular motoneurons are located in three brainstem nuclei: the abducens, trochlear and oculomotor. They control all types of eye movements by innervating three pairs of agonistic/antagonistic extraocular muscles. They exhibit a tonic-phasic discharge pattern, demonstrating sensitivity to eye position and sensitivity to eye velocity. According to their innervation pattern, extraocular muscle fibers can be classified as singly innervated muscle fiber (SIF), or the peculiar multiply innervated muscle fiber (MIF). SIF motoneurons show anatomical and physiological differences with MIF motoneurons. The latter are smaller and display lower eye position and velocity sensitivities as compared with SIF motoneurons.
展神经、滑车神经和动眼神经。它们通过支配三对拮抗肌和协同肌来控制所有类型的眼球运动。它们表现出紧张-相放电模式，显示出对眼位置和眼速度的敏感性。根据其神经支配模式，眼外肌纤维可分为单神经支配肌纤维（SIF）或特殊的多神经支配肌纤维（MIF）。SIF 运动神经元与 MIF 运动神经元在解剖和生理上存在差异。后者较小，与 SIF 运动神经元相比，对眼位置和速度的敏感性较低。
