Hennevin E, Hars B
Behav Brain Res. 1987 Jun;24(3):243-9. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(87)90062-3.
Rats were submitted to three sessions of an active avoidance conditioning. The conditioned stimulus (CS) was either an ear shock or a tone. Sleep was measured after each session. Experimental animals received non-awakening ear shocks during post-learning paradoxical sleep (PS). When ear shocks were the CS and were subsequently used as cues during PS, PS increases were observed, but they displayed 2 unusual characteristics: they were due to longer average size of PS phases rather than to higher number of phases as usually; PS did not return to baseline level even when learning seemed to be achieved. By contrast, when ear shocks were not associated with conditioning, animals shocked during PS exhibited the usual PS increases.
将大鼠进行三次主动回避条件反射训练。条件刺激（CS）要么是耳部电击，要么是音调。每次训练后测量睡眠情况。实验动物在学习后异相睡眠（PS）期间接受非唤醒性耳部电击。当耳部电击作为条件刺激且随后在异相睡眠期间用作提示时，观察到异相睡眠增加，但它们表现出两个不寻常的特征：它们是由于异相睡眠阶段的平均时长更长，而不是像通常那样由于阶段数量更多；即使学习似乎已经完成，异相睡眠也没有恢复到基线水平。相比之下，当耳部电击与条件反射无关时，在异相睡眠期间接受电击的动物表现出通常的异相睡眠增加。
