School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Center for Innovation and Population Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Oct;10(5):2175-2184. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01397-1. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Using 6 years of data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, the present study investigated ethnic minority-White disparities in self-rated health and community functioning for persons with untreated mental illness. Comparing minority and White persons with untreated severe mental illness (SMI) and mild and moderate mental illness (MMMI), the study sought evidence of "double jeopardy": that minority persons with mental illness suffer an added burden from being members of ethnic minority groups. For African Americans with SMI and MMMI, results indicated that the odds were greater of living in poverty, being unemployed, and being arrested in the past year, and for African Americans with SMI, the odds were greater of reporting fair/poor health. For Native Americans/Alaska Native persons with MMMI, the odds were greater of living in poverty and being arrested in the past year. For Latinx persons with SMI and MMMI, the odds were greater of living in poverty and for Latinx persons with SMI the odds were greater of reporting fair/poor health. Results indicate that African Americans with mental illness suffer pervasive adversity relative to Whites and Native Americans/Alaska Natives and Latinx persons do so selectively.
利用国家药物使用与健康调查（National Survey of Drug Use and Health）六年的数据，本研究调查了未经治疗的精神疾病患者自评健康和社区功能方面的少数民族与白人之间的差异。本研究比较了未经治疗的严重精神疾病（SMI）和轻度及中度精神疾病（MMMI）患者中的少数民族和白人，旨在寻找“双重困境”的证据：即少数民族精神疾病患者除了是少数民族群体成员之外，还承受着额外的负担。对于患有 SMI 和 MMMI 的非裔美国人，结果表明他们在过去一年中更有可能生活在贫困中、失业和被捕，对于患有 SMI 的非裔美国人，他们更有可能报告健康状况不佳。对于患有 MMMI 的美洲原住民/阿拉斯加原住民，他们更有可能生活在贫困中，并且在过去一年中被捕。对于患有 SMI 和 MMMI 的拉丁裔，他们更有可能生活在贫困中，对于患有 SMI 的拉丁裔，他们更有可能报告健康状况不佳。结果表明，非裔美国人的精神疾病患者相对于白人、美洲原住民/阿拉斯加原住民和拉丁裔，普遍面临困境。
