Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race St, Denver, CO, 80210, USA.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Sep 6;22(1):529. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03587-6.
Although associations between cumulative risk, sleep, and overweight/obesity have been demonstrated, few studies have examined relationships between these constructs longitudinally across childhood. This study investigated how cumulative risk and sleep duration are related to current and later child overweight/obesity in families across the United States sampled for high sociodemographic risk.
We conducted secondary analyses on 3690 families with recorded child height and weight within the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study. A cumulative risk composite (using nine variables indicating household/environmental, family, and sociodemographic risk) was calculated for each participant from ages 3-9 years. Path analyses were used to investigate associations between cumulative risk, parent-reported child sleep duration, and z-scored child body mass index (BMI) percentile at ages 3 through 9.
Higher cumulative risk experienced at age 5 was associated with shorter sleep duration at year 9, b = - 0.35, p = .01, 95% CI [- 0.57, - 0.11]. At 5 years, longer sleep duration was associated with lower BMI, b = - 0.03, p = .03, 95% CI [- 0.06, - 0.01]. Higher cumulative risk at 9 years, b = - 0.34, p = .02, 95% CI [- 0.57, - 0.10], was concurrently associated with shorter sleep duration. Findings additionally differed by child sex, such that only male children showed an association between sleep duration and BMI.
Results partially supported hypothesized associations between child sleep duration, cumulative risk, and BMI emerging across childhood within a large, primarily low socioeconomic status sample. Findings suggest that reducing cumulative risk for families experiencing low income may support longer child sleep duration. Additionally, child sleep duration and BMI are concurrently related in early childhood for male children.
尽管已经证明了累积风险、睡眠与超重/肥胖之间存在关联，但很少有研究从纵向角度在整个儿童期研究这些结构之间的关系。本研究调查了在美国高社会经济风险抽样的家庭中，累积风险和睡眠时间如何与当前和以后儿童超重/肥胖相关。
我们对 Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study 中记录有儿童身高和体重的 3690 个家庭进行了二次分析。为每个参与者从 3 岁到 9 岁计算了一个累积风险综合指数（使用九个变量表示家庭/环境、家庭和社会经济风险）。路径分析用于研究 5 岁时累积风险、父母报告的儿童睡眠时间与 3 至 9 岁儿童体重指数（BMI）百分位数之间的关联。
5 岁时经历的累积风险较高与 9 岁时的睡眠时间较短有关，b=-0.35，p=0.01，95%置信区间[-0.57，-0.11]。5 岁时，睡眠时间较长与 BMI 较低有关，b=-0.03，p=0.03，95%置信区间[-0.06，-0.01]。9 岁时较高的累积风险，b=-0.34，p=0.02，95%置信区间[-0.57，-0.10]，与睡眠时间较短同时相关。研究结果还因儿童性别而异，只有男童显示睡眠时间与 BMI 之间存在关联。
结果部分支持了假设的关联，即在一个主要为低社会经济地位的大型样本中，儿童睡眠时间、累积风险和 BMI 会在整个儿童期出现。研究结果表明，为收入较低的家庭减少累积风险可能有助于儿童睡眠时间延长。此外，在儿童早期，男童的睡眠时间和 BMI 同时相关。
