Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh.
Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2024;54(6):1381-1398. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2115286. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
MXene is a rapidly emerging group of two-dimensional (2D) multifunctional nanomaterials, drawing huge attention from researchers of a broad scientific field. Reporting the synthesis of MXene was the following breakthrough in 2D materials following the discovery of graphene. MXene is considered the most recent developments of materials, including transition metal carbonitrides, nitrides, and carbides synthesized by etching or mechanical-based exfoliation of selective MAX phases. MXene has a plethora of prodigious properties such as unique interlayer spacing, high ion and electron transport, large surface area, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, exceptional volumetric capacitance, thermal shock, and oxidation resistance, easily machinable and inherently hydrophilic, and biocompatibility. Owing to the abundance of tailorable surface function groups, these properties can be further enhanced by surface functionalization with covalent and non-covalent modifications via numerous surface functionalization methods. Therefore, MXene finds their way to a plethora of applications in numerous fields including catalysis, membrane separation, energy storage, sensing, and biomedicine. Here, the focus is on reviewing the structure, synthesis techniques, and functionalization methods of MXene. Furthermore, MXene-based detection platforms in different sensing applications are survived. Great attention is given to reviewing the applications of MXene in the detection of biomolecules, pathogenic bacteria and viruses, cancer biomarkers food contaminants and mycotoxins, and hazardous pollutants. Lastly, the future perspective of MXene-based biosensors as a next-generation diagnostics tool is discussed. Crucial visions are introduced for materials science and sensing communities to better route while investigating the potential of MXene for creating innovative detection mechanisms.
MXene 是二维（2D）多功能纳米材料中迅速崛起的一类，引起了广泛科学领域研究人员的关注。继石墨烯发现之后，MXene 的合成被认为是 2D 材料的最新进展。MXene 是通过选择性 MAX 相的蚀刻或机械剥离合成的过渡金属碳氮化物、氮化物和碳化物。MXene 具有许多卓越的性能，如独特的层间距、高离子和电子传输、大表面积、优异的热导率和导电性、出色的体积电容、抗热冲击和氧化、易于机械加工和固有亲水性以及生物相容性。由于具有丰富的可定制表面官能团，通过多种表面功能化方法，通过共价和非共价修饰对其进行表面功能化可以进一步增强这些特性。因此，MXene 在许多领域中的应用得到了广泛的关注，包括催化、膜分离、储能、传感和生物医学。在这里，重点介绍了 MXene 的结构、合成技术和功能化方法。此外，还介绍了基于 MXene 的不同传感应用中的检测平台。特别关注了 MXene 在生物分子、病原菌和病毒、癌症生物标志物、食品污染物和霉菌毒素以及有害污染物检测中的应用。最后，讨论了 MXene 基生物传感器作为下一代诊断工具的未来前景。为材料科学和传感界引入了重要的观点，以便在研究 MXene 创造创新检测机制的潜力时更好地引导方向。
