Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany.
Cell Rep. 2022 Sep 6;40(10):111305. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111305.
Bats harbor high-impact zoonotic viruses often in the absence of disease manifestation. This restriction and disease tolerance possibly rely on specific immunological features. In-depth molecular characterization of cellular immunity and imprinting of age on leukocyte compartments remained unexplored in bats. We employ single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and establish immunostaining panels to characterize the immune cell landscape in juvenile, subadult, and adult Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs). Transcriptomic and flow cytometry data reveal conserved subsets and substantial enrichments of CD79a B cells and CD11b T cells in juvenile animals, whereas neutrophils, CD206 myeloid cells, and CD3 T cells dominate as bats reach adulthood. Despite differing frequencies, phagocytosis of circulating and tissue-resident myeloid cells and proliferation of peripheral and splenic lymphocytes are analogous in juvenile and adult ERBs. We provide a comprehensive map of the immune landscape in ERBs and show age-imprinted resilience progression and find that variability in cellular immunity only partly recapitulates mammalian archetypes.
蝙蝠携带高影响力的人畜共患病毒，而通常不会表现出疾病症状。这种限制和疾病耐受可能依赖于特定的免疫学特征。蝙蝠的细胞免疫的深入分子特征和白细胞区室的年龄印记仍然没有得到探索。我们采用单细胞 RNA 测序（scRNA-seq）并建立免疫染色面板来描绘幼年、亚成年和成年埃及果蝠（ERBs）的免疫细胞景观。转录组和流式细胞术数据揭示了保守的亚群，以及幼年动物中 CD79a B 细胞和 CD11b T 细胞的大量富集，而中性粒细胞、CD206 髓样细胞和 CD3 T 细胞在蝙蝠成年时占主导地位。尽管频率不同，但循环和组织驻留髓样细胞的吞噬作用以及外周和脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖在幼年和成年 ERBs 中是类似的。我们提供了 ERBs 免疫景观的全面图谱，并显示了年龄印记的恢复进展，发现细胞免疫的可变性仅部分再现了哺乳动物的原型。
