Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Sep 20;56(18):12917-12925. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03589. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
The lack of emission data for ocean-going vessels (OGVs) and the recent fuel switching make it urgent to enhance the onboard measurement of ship emissions, especially for intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs). This study focused on the IVOC emission characteristics and formation pathways of three OGVs under various engine conditions (power and load) and fuel oils (heavy fuel oil (HFO) marine gas oil (MGO)). The results showed that the (1) IVOC emission factors (EF) of the three OGVs increased with engine power and were higher for MGO (1494.4 ± 421.7 mg/kg) than HFO (1830.5 ± 534.5 mg/kg) and engine load is an important parameter. (2) Engine load and oil type affect the composition and volatility distribution of IVOCs. The proportion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in IVOCs increased with a higher load, and using MGO shifted IVOC components to a higher volatility in contrast to HFO. (3) The compositions of IVOCs were more like those in fuel oils under low loads than under high loads, indicating that different formation pathways of IVOCs exist for different engine loads. (4) A higher EF was observed nearshore than in open sea owing to the lower and transient engine load, which indicates the necessity of paying attention to the IVOC emissions for ships.
海洋航行船舶（OGVs）的排放数据缺乏以及近期燃料转换，使得加强船舶排放的船上测量变得尤为迫切，特别是对于中间挥发性有机化合物（IVOCs）。本研究重点研究了三种 OGV 在不同发动机工况（功率和负荷）和燃料油（重燃料油（HFO）和船用瓦斯油（MGO））下的 IVOC 排放特征和形成途径。结果表明：1）三种 OGV 的 IVOC 排放因子（EF）随发动机功率增加而增加，且 MGO（1494.4±421.7mg/kg）高于 HFO（1830.5±534.5mg/kg）；2）发动机负荷和油种类是影响 IVOC 组成和挥发性分布的重要参数。高负荷时，多环芳烃在 IVOC 中的比例增加，而与 HFO 相比，使用 MGO 会使 IVOC 成分向更高的挥发性转移；3）在低负荷下，IVOC 的组成更类似于燃料油，而在高负荷下则不同，这表明不同的发动机负荷下存在不同的 IVOC 形成途径；4）由于发动机负荷较低且瞬态，近海的 EF 高于开阔海域，这表明有必要关注船舶的 IVOC 排放。
