Ochiai Tetsuya, Higashitani Michiaki, Ookoshi Satoko, Kasamaki Ryota, Taya Yuji, Nemoto Yoshiko, Komatsu Yasushi, Abe Norihiro, Shiina Kazuki, Chikamori Taishiro
Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center.
Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital.
Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 2022;59(3):371-377. doi: 10.3143/geriatrics.59.371.
An 86-year-old female on dialysis experienced a decrease in blood pressure and worsening of her respiratory condition during dialysis, for which she visited our emergency unit. She was admitted to our Department of Cardiology with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure because of anterior wall of left ventricular dysfunction, positive troponin T levels and negative T wave on a precordial lead electrocardiogram. On the same day, she underwent coronary angiography and stenting at left anterior descending artery #7 with 99% stenosis. She also showed an elevated D-dimer level on admission, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed the day after admission, considering the likelihood of respiratory failure due to pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the findings were negative. On the 4th day of hospitalization, she showed marked hypoxemia. Her D-dimer level was further elevated, and when she underwent enhanced CT again, there was no evidence of deep vein thrombosis, but thrombus in the pulmonary artery and apex of right ventricle was noted. She was therefore diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism due to thrombosis from the right ventricle rather than from a deep vein. She rapidly received anticoagulant therapy and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation therapy for respiratory failure, but she entered cardiopulmonary arrest and quickly died. She was suspected to have been complicated with a right ventricular infarction and an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction, resulting in a large thrombus along the apex of the right ventricle. This case of both myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism is very rare, and we report it here with consideration.
一名86岁接受透析治疗的女性在透析过程中出现血压下降和呼吸状况恶化,为此她前往我们的急诊科就诊。她因左心室前壁功能障碍、肌钙蛋白T水平阳性以及胸前导联心电图T波阴性,被诊断为急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭,随后入住我们的心脏病科。同一天,她接受了冠状动脉造影,并在左前降支7处进行了支架置入,该处狭窄程度达99%。入院时她的D - 二聚体水平也升高,考虑到因肺血栓栓塞导致呼吸衰竭的可能性,入院第二天进行了对比增强计算机断层扫描(CT),但结果为阴性。住院第4天,她出现明显低氧血症。她的D - 二聚体水平进一步升高,再次进行增强CT检查时,虽未发现深静脉血栓形成的证据,但发现肺动脉和右心室心尖部有血栓。因此,她被诊断为右心室血栓形成而非深静脉血栓形成导致的急性肺栓塞。她迅速接受了抗凝治疗及针对呼吸衰竭的无创正压通气治疗,但随后进入心肺骤停状态并很快死亡。她被怀疑合并右心室梗死和急性前壁心肌梗死,导致右心室心尖部形成大量血栓。这种心肌梗死和肺栓塞同时发生的病例非常罕见,我们在此予以报道并加以思考。