Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2022 Sep 7;41(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s41043-022-00322-w.
Investigations on food insecurity have shown that food insecurity is inversely associated with health. We examined the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors in women living in Shiraz, Iran.
The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 females. Food insecurity was assessed by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and serum glucose and lipids were measured. Metabolic syndrome score was calculated according to the criteria described for Iranian adults. The association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors was assessed by linear regression.
The prevalence of food security, and mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity was 42.6%, 40.5%, 15.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Cardiometabolic risk factors worsened with increasing severity of food insecurity. Among the risk factors, body mass index (BMI) had the strongest association with food insecurity. After controlling demographic factors and BMI, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total, LDL, and HDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score still showed significant associations with food insecurity (P < 0.01) but systolic and diastolic blood pressure were no longer associated with food insecurity after adjustment for BMI.
Overall, although BMI was strongly associated with food insecurity, cardiometabolic risk factors including blood glucose, triglycerides, total, HDL, and LDL cholesterols, and metabolic syndrome score were associated with food insecurity independent of BMI, suggesting that other factors such as lifestyle and diet may have contributed to the exacerbated cardiometabolic risk in food insecure participants of this study. Future studies need to clarify underlying factors in the association of food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors.
对食品不安全的调查表明，食品不安全与健康呈负相关。我们研究了伊朗设拉子市妇女的食品不安全与心血管代谢风险因素之间的关系。
这项横断面研究共纳入了 190 名女性。采用家庭粮食不安全状况评估量表来评估粮食不安全情况。测量了心血管代谢风险因素，包括人体测量特征、血压以及血糖和血脂。根据伊朗成年人的标准计算了代谢综合征评分。采用线性回归分析了粮食不安全与心血管代谢风险因素之间的关系。
粮食安全、轻度、中度和重度粮食不安全的患病率分别为 42.6%、40.5%、15.8%和 1.1%。随着粮食不安全程度的加重，心血管代谢风险因素也逐渐恶化。在这些风险因素中，体重指数（BMI）与粮食不安全的关联最强。在控制了人口统计学因素和 BMI 后，空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、LDL 胆固醇、HDL 胆固醇和代谢综合征评分仍与粮食不安全显著相关（P<0.01），但在调整 BMI 后，收缩压和舒张压与粮食不安全不再相关。
总的来说，尽管 BMI 与粮食不安全密切相关，但包括血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、HDL 胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇以及代谢综合征评分在内的心血管代谢风险因素与粮食不安全相关，这表明其他因素，如生活方式和饮食，可能导致了研究中粮食不安全参与者心血管代谢风险的恶化。未来的研究需要阐明粮食不安全与心血管代谢风险因素之间关联的潜在因素。
