Gholizadeh Farhad, Moludi Jalal, Lotfi Yagin Ned, Alizadeh Mohammad, Mostafa Nachvak Seyed, Abdollahzad Hadi, Mirzaei Khadijeh, Mostafazadeh Mostafa
School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Prim Care Diabetes. 2018 Aug;12(4):338-344. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
Prediabetes is considered as an increased risk factor for cardiovascular disease and overt diabetes and is the precursor stage of diabetes. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) is recognized as an essential factor of a high-quality diet. However, diets with more varieties of food items might increase calorie intake and body weight. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the association of DDS with metabolic syndrome features in adults with prediabetes.
Three hundred subjects were randomly selected from participants who were undergone diabetes test screening program. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DDS was calculated by scoring food intake as nine food groups. The 18-items USDA household food securities and International Physical Activity (IPAQ) were also measured. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III.
DDS mean for cases and controls were 4.43 and 4.9, respectively (p<0.005). The prevalence of food insecurity was 67/3% in cases and 55/4% in controls group. The decrease in metabolic syndrome probability was compatible with quartiles of DDS (the quartiles odds ratios: 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.19, P=0.05). A higher DDS was associated with lower level of fasting blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, TG and Waist circumference.
Lower DDS was associated with high probability of metabolic syndrome and with some features of it, like high fasting blood glucose. Therefore, it seems that increase in dietary diversity scores could prevent the pre diabetes development to overt diabetes.
糖尿病前期被认为是心血管疾病和显性糖尿病的一个风险增加因素，是糖尿病的前驱阶段。饮食多样性评分（DDS）被认为是高质量饮食的一个重要因素。然而，食物种类更多的饮食可能会增加热量摄入和体重。因此，本研究旨在确定糖尿病前期成年人中DDS与代谢综合征特征之间的关联。
从接受糖尿病检测筛查项目的参与者中随机选取300名受试者。使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。通过将食物摄入量分为九个食物组来计算DDS。还测量了18项美国农业部家庭粮食安全指标和国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）。根据成人治疗小组III来定义代谢综合征。
病例组和对照组的DDS平均值分别为4.43和4.9（p<0.005）。病例组食物不安全的患病率为67.3%，对照组为55.4%。代谢综合征概率的降低与DDS的四分位数相符（四分位数比值比：0.6、0.5、0.4、0.19，P=0.05）。较高的DDS与较低的空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯水平和腰围相关。
较低的DDS与代谢综合征的高概率及其一些特征相关，如高空腹血糖。因此，饮食多样性评分的增加似乎可以预防糖尿病前期发展为显性糖尿病。
