Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Glob Health. 2020 Dec;10(2):020402. doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.020402.
Food insecurity is a public health concern that affects health and quality of life, but its association with cardiometabolic risk is not well established. Thus, this systematic review evaluated the association between food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults and the elderly.
Search was conducted according to the PRISMA protocol using Scielo, LILACS and PubMed databases. We included original articles published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, which assessed the association between food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults and the elderly. The search identified 877 articles but only 11 were included in the review.
Food insecurity was directly associated with cardiometabolic risk (excess weight, hypertension, dyslipidemias, diabetes, and stress) after adjusting for interfering factors. A limitation of the cross-sectional study design is that the cause-effect relation between food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk cannot be established.
We conclude that food insecurity has a direct relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors, especially excess weight, hypertension, and dyslipidemias. The identification of food insecurity as health problems can contribute to the implementation of efficient public policies for the prevention and control of chronic diseases.
This review was registered on PROSPERO-International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews - CRD4201911549.
食物不安全是一个公共卫生关注点，会影响健康和生活质量，但它与心血管代谢风险的关系尚未得到充分证实。因此，本系统评价评估了成年人和老年人中食物不安全与心血管代谢危险因素之间的关系。
根据 PRISMA 方案，使用 Scielo、LILACS 和 PubMed 数据库进行搜索。我们纳入了评估成年人和老年人中食物不安全与心血管代谢危险因素之间关系的原创性文章，这些文章以葡萄牙语、英语和西班牙语发表。搜索共确定了 877 篇文章，但只有 11 篇被纳入综述。
在调整了干扰因素后，食物不安全与心血管代谢风险（超重、高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和压力）直接相关。横断面研究设计的一个局限性是，无法确定食物不安全与心血管代谢风险之间的因果关系。
我们得出结论，食物不安全与心血管代谢危险因素直接相关，尤其是超重、高血压和血脂异常。将食物不安全识别为健康问题，可以促进实施有效的公共政策，以预防和控制慢性疾病。
本综述已在 PROSPERO-国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（CRD4201911549）中进行了注册。
