Feng Can, Hong Shihui, Fan Rong, Shi Xinjie, Ma Zhao, Li Changgui, Liu Chenghao, He Cong, Fan Min, Wang Ruiping
Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China.
Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Aug 31;15:1909-1919. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S375724. eCollection 2022.
An epidemic of the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in March 2022, and over 600,000 cases were confirmed until early May 2022 in Shanghai, China. Data on Omicron infections are available in other countries, but the clinical features of patients in the Chinese population, especially in Shanghai, are still lacking. We collected data from a subset of asymptomatic and mildly ill patients to learn about the age and sex disparity of Omicron infection based on changes in cycle threshold values.
The basic information of 325 patients who were consecutively admitted to the Shanghai Geriatrics Center was collected through medical records, and patients were tested for viral nucleic acid carriage using nasal swab samples during hospitalization. SAS 9.4 was used for data analysis, and a p value < 0.05% was considered statistically significant.
Among the 325 included patients, 58.8% were males, with a mean age of 47.2 years and 13.6 days of hospitalization on average. The average number of nucleic acid tests among female patients was 4.7, which was higher than that among male patients (4.1). The median value of the slope for cycle threshold (Ct) changes in the nucleic acid detection (NAD) test was 1.4. Logistic regression indicated that the proportion of slope for Ct changes >1.5 was slightly higher among male patients than among female patients (odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68-1.66), and patients aged <45 years and 45-59 years had a higher proportion of slope for Ct changes >1.5 than patients aged ≥60 years. Ct values were more variable in the early stages of infection and stabilized in the later stages of infection.
Among patients with mild illness or asymptomatic infection, the Ct value is a good, timely, and cost-effective method to reflect the recovery progress of patients. The slope of Ct changes was steeper among younger patients and male patients, which indicates faster disease recovery.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）奥密克戎变异株疫情于2022年3月开始，截至2022年5月初，中国上海确诊病例超过60万例。其他国家有关于奥密克戎感染的数据，但中国人群尤其是上海患者的临床特征仍缺乏。我们收集了一部分无症状和轻症患者的数据，以基于循环阈值变化了解奥密克戎感染的年龄和性别差异。
通过病历收集连续入住上海老年医学中心的325例患者的基本信息，并在住院期间使用鼻拭子样本对患者进行病毒核酸携带检测。使用SAS 9.4进行数据分析，p值<0.05%被认为具有统计学意义。
在纳入的325例患者中，58.8%为男性，平均年龄47.2岁，平均住院13.6天。女性患者核酸检测平均次数为4.7次，高于男性患者（4.1次）。核酸检测（NAD）试验中循环阈值（Ct）变化斜率的中位数为1.4。逻辑回归表明，Ct变化斜率>1.5的比例在男性患者中略高于女性患者（优势比（OR）=1.06，95%置信区间（CI）：0.68-1.66），年龄<45岁和45-59岁的患者Ct变化斜率>1.5的比例高于年龄≥60岁的患者。Ct值在感染早期变化更大，在感染后期趋于稳定。
在轻症或无症状感染患者中，Ct值是反映患者恢复进程的一种良好、及时且具有成本效益 的方法。年轻患者和男性患者的Ct变化斜率更陡，这表明疾病恢复更快。
