Department of Natural Resource Management, Wolaita Sodo University Dawro Tarcha Campus, P. O. Box 01, Tarcha, Ethiopia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2022 Aug 29;2022:2612716. doi: 10.1155/2022/2612716. eCollection 2022.
We conducted a review of 26 articles published between 2009 and 2021 to determine human-wildlife conflict based on spatial and temporal patterns, biological components, drivers of conflict, and mitigation methods used. We employed search, synthesis, appraisal, and analysis framework for review and VOSviewer software for network analysis. We included articles that only focused on relations between terrestrial wildlife and humans, while others deal with ecology, distribution, and biology of wildlife because it does not go with HWC. Forty-seven species of terrestrial vertebrates were reported in conflict-related studies, being Bovidae and Cercopithecidae the most frequently studied groups, of which eleven are found in threatened list species. The main drivers reported were land use change, proximity to protected areas, and illegal resource exploitation. In the management case, the use of traditional protection techniques such as fencing, guarding, and physical barriers was reported. About 178 keywords' analysis revealed a focus on "coexistence," "mitigation," and "food security." The literature focused mainly on larger mammals, led by Ethiopian authors, and excluded the social dimensions of HWC. Therefore, identifying conflict-prone species focuses on the social dimensions of coexistence, such as human attitudes towards terrestrial wildlife, and broadening the taxonomic and cultural breadth of HWC is required.
我们对 2009 年至 2021 年间发表的 26 篇文章进行了回顾，以确定基于时空模式、生物成分、冲突驱动因素以及使用的缓解方法的人与野生动物冲突。我们采用了搜索、综合、评估和分析框架进行综述，以及 VOSviewer 软件进行网络分析。我们仅纳入了那些仅关注陆地野生动物与人类关系的文章，而其他涉及野生动物生态学、分布和生物学的文章则不包括在内，因为这些文章与 HWC 无关。在冲突相关研究中报告了 47 种陆地脊椎动物，其中牛科和长尾猴科是研究最多的群体，其中 11 种属于濒危物种名单。报告的主要驱动因素是土地利用变化、靠近保护区和非法资源开发。在管理案例中，报告了使用传统保护技术，如围栏、守卫和物理障碍。对约 178 个关键词的分析表明，研究重点是“共存”、“缓解”和“粮食安全”。文献主要集中在由埃塞俄比亚作者领导的较大型哺乳动物上，并且排除了 HWC 的社会层面。因此，确定易发生冲突的物种需要侧重于共存的社会层面，例如人类对陆地野生动物的态度，并扩大 HWC 的分类和文化广度。
