Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2023 Jan;44(1):218-228. doi: 10.1002/hbm.26067. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Selective attention is impaired in first-episode psychosis (FEP). Selective attention effects can be detected during auditory tasks as increased sensory activity. We previously reported electroencephalography scalp-measured N100 enhancement is reduced in FEP. Here, we localized magnetoencephalography (MEG) M100 source activity within the auditory cortex, making novel use of the Human Connectome Project multimodal parcellation (HCP-MMP) to identify precise auditory cortical areas involved in attention modulation and its impairment in FEP. MEG was recorded from 27 FEP and 31 matched healthy controls (HC) while individuals either ignored frequent standard and rare oddball tones while watching a silent movie or attended tones by pressing a button to oddballs. Because M100 arises mainly in the auditory cortices, MEG activity during the M100 interval was projected to the auditory sensory cortices defined by the HCP-MMP (A1, lateral belt, and parabelt parcels). FEP had less auditory sensory cortex M100 activity in both conditions. In addition, there was a significant interaction between group and attention. HC enhanced source activity with attention, but FEP did not. These results demonstrate deficits in both sensory processing and attentional modulation of the M100 in FEP. Novel use of the HCP-MMP revealed the precise cortical areas underlying attention modulation of auditory sensory activity in healthy individuals and impairments in FEP. The sensory reduction and attention modulation impairment indicate local and systems-level pathophysiology proximal to disease onset that may be critical for etiology. Further, M100 and N100 enhancement may serve as outcome variables for targeted intervention to improve attention in early psychosis.
首发精神病（FEP）患者存在选择性注意障碍。在听觉任务中，可以通过增加感觉活动来检测到选择性注意效应。我们之前的研究报告称，FEP 患者的脑电图头皮测量 N100 增强减少。在此，我们利用人类连接组计划多模态分区（HCP-MMP）定位了听觉皮层中的磁源性 M100 源活动，这是首次在 FEP 中对注意调节及其损伤所涉及的精确听觉皮层区域进行研究。研究记录了 27 名 FEP 和 31 名匹配的健康对照者（HC）在观看无声电影时忽略频繁标准和罕见的异常音，或通过按按钮来关注异常音时的脑磁图（MEG）。由于 M100 主要出现在听觉皮层中，因此将 M100 间隔期间的 MEG 活动投影到 HCP-MMP 定义的听觉感觉皮层（A1、外侧带和副外侧带区）。在两种情况下，FEP 的听觉感觉皮层 M100 活动均较少。此外，组间和注意力之间存在显著的相互作用。HC 通过注意力增强了源活动，但 FEP 没有。这些结果表明，FEP 存在 M100 的感觉处理和注意调节缺陷。利用 HCP-MMP 的新方法揭示了健康个体中听觉感觉活动注意调节的精确皮层区域以及 FEP 的损伤。感觉减少和注意力调节障碍表明，疾病发作前可能与病因密切相关的局部和系统水平的病理生理学。此外，M100 和 N100 增强可能成为早期精神病靶向干预以改善注意力的结果变量。
