Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2022 Oct;45(10):733-748. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.08.001. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Neurodegenerative diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and are influenced by many factors including age, genetics, and injuries. While these diseases are often thought to result from the accumulation and spread of aberrant proteins, recent studies have demonstrated that they can be shaped by the innate and adaptive immune system. Resident myeloid cells typically mount a sustained response to the degenerating CNS, but peripheral leukocytes such as T and B cells can also alter disease trajectories. Here, we review the sometimes-dichotomous roles played by immune cells during neurodegenerative diseases and explore how brain trauma can serve as a disease initiator or accelerant. We also offer insights into how failure to properly resolve a CNS injury might promote the development of a neurodegenerative disease.
神经退行性疾病是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，受到许多因素的影响，包括年龄、遗传和损伤。虽然这些疾病通常被认为是由异常蛋白质的积累和传播引起的，但最近的研究表明，它们可以受到先天和适应性免疫系统的影响。常驻髓样细胞通常对退化的中枢神经系统产生持续的反应，但外周白细胞，如 T 和 B 细胞，也可以改变疾病轨迹。在这里，我们回顾了免疫细胞在神经退行性疾病中扮演的有时是二分角色，并探讨了脑外伤如何作为疾病的启动子或加速剂。我们还提供了一些见解，说明为什么中枢神经系统损伤不能正确解决可能会促进神经退行性疾病的发展。
