El Mouzan Mohammad, Al-Hussaini Abdulrahman, Serena Gloria, Assiri Asaad, Al Sarkhy Ahmed, Al Mofarreh Mohammad, Alasmi Mona, Fasano Alessio
Department of Pediatrics (Gastroenterology), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Specialist Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Gut Pathog. 2022 Sep 8;14(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s13099-022-00493-1.
Intestinal dysbiosis has been reported to be associated with celiac disease (CeD) in Western populations but little is known in other populations who have different dietary lifestyle and genetic background. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a different microbiota profile is associated with CeD in children in Saudi Arabia.
Forty children with CeD, 20 healthy controls, and 19 non-CeD controls were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 10.3, 11.3 and 10.6 years in children with CeD, fecal, and mucosal control groups, respectively. Significant differences in microbial composition between children with CeD and controls both at fecal and mucosal level were identified. Fecal samples were more diverse and richer in bacteria as compared with mucosal samples. Proteobacteria were more abundant in duodenal mucosal samples and Firmicutes and Bacteroides were more abundant in stools. The abundance of many taxa was significantly different between children with CeD and non-CeD controls. In mucosal samples, Bifidobacterium angulatum (unadjusted p = 0.006) and Roseburia intestinalis (unadjusted p = 0.031) were examples of most significantly increased species in children with CeD and non-CeD controls, respectively. In fecal samples, there were 169 bacterial species with significantly different abundance between children with CeD and non- CeD controls.
To our knowledge, this is the first report on the microbial profile in a non-Western population of children with new onset CeD. The fact that mucosal and fecal samples were collected from newly diagnosed children with CeD on normal gluten-containing diet suggests strong association between the identified bacteria and CeD. The identification of many unreported bacterial species significantly associated with CeD, indicates the need for further studies from different populations to expand our understanding of the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of CeD, hopefully leading to the discovery of new adjuvant treatment options.
在西方人群中，肠道菌群失调已被报道与乳糜泻（CeD）相关，但在其他饮食生活方式和遗传背景不同的人群中，人们对此知之甚少。本研究的目的是确定沙特阿拉伯儿童中不同的微生物群谱是否与CeD相关。
招募了40名CeD患儿、20名健康对照儿童和19名非CeD对照儿童。CeD组、粪便对照组和黏膜对照组儿童的诊断中位年龄分别为10.3岁、11.3岁和10.6岁。在粪便和黏膜水平上，均发现CeD患儿与对照组之间的微生物组成存在显著差异。与黏膜样本相比，粪便样本中的细菌种类更多、更丰富。变形菌门在十二指肠黏膜样本中更为丰富，而厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门在粪便中更为丰富。许多分类群的丰度在CeD患儿与非CeD对照之间存在显著差异。在黏膜样本中，角双歧杆菌（未校正p = 0.006）和肠道罗斯拜瑞氏菌（未校正p = 0.031）分别是CeD患儿和非CeD对照中最显著增加的物种实例。在粪便样本中，CeD患儿与非CeD对照之间有169种细菌的丰度存在显著差异。
据我们所知，这是关于新发病CeD的非西方儿童微生物谱的首次报告。从新诊断的食用正常含麸质饮食的CeD患儿中采集黏膜和粪便样本这一事实表明，所鉴定的细菌与CeD之间存在密切关联。许多与CeD显著相关的未报告细菌物种的鉴定表明，需要对不同人群进行进一步研究，以扩大我们对细菌在CeD发病机制中作用的理解，有望发现新的辅助治疗方案。
