Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Sep;153:113547. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113547. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Autophagy is a well-conserved biological process that maintains homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has revealed that autophagy plays an important role in various cardiovascular diseases, such as aneurysm, aortic dissection, atherosclerosis, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Here, we summarize the current experimental evidence on the function of autophagy and autophagy proteins in aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD). AAD is a very serious aortic disease, and there are currently no effective drug treatment options. Studies have shown that autophagy is activated during AAD. However, the role of autophagy in AAD is still controversial. For example, knocking out autophagy related 5 (ATG5) or ATG7 to inhibit autophagy and excessive autophagy activation can promote the occurrence of AAD. Recently, multiple studies have demonstrated that rapamycin and metformin, which are autophagy activators, can delay the progression of AAD. Thus, targeting autophagy has the potential to become a new therapeutic strategy for AAD. In addition, we discuss the recent research progress on AAD from the perspective of single-cell RNA sequencing. Moreover, we offer our perspective on current challenges and barriers in this research field.
自噬是一种广泛存在的生物过程，可维持体内平衡。越来越多的证据表明，自噬在各种心血管疾病中发挥着重要作用，如动脉瘤、主动脉夹层、动脉粥样硬化和心肌缺血再灌注损伤。在这里，我们总结了自噬及其相关蛋白在腹主动脉瘤和夹层（AAD）中的作用的最新实验证据。AAD 是一种非常严重的主动脉疾病，目前尚无有效的药物治疗选择。研究表明，AAD 期间自噬被激活。然而，自噬在 AAD 中的作用仍存在争议。例如，敲除自噬相关 5（ATG5）或 ATG7 以抑制自噬和过度自噬激活可以促进 AAD 的发生。最近，多项研究表明，自噬激活剂雷帕霉素和二甲双胍可延缓 AAD 的进展。因此，靶向自噬有可能成为 AAD 的一种新的治疗策略。此外，我们还从单细胞 RNA 测序的角度讨论了 AAD 的最新研究进展。此外，我们还提供了对该研究领域当前挑战和障碍的看法。
