Oroian Mircea, Dranca Florina, Ursachi Florin
Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania.
Foods. 2022 Aug 30;11(17):2633. doi: 10.3390/foods11172633.
Bee pollen represents an important bee product, which is produced by mixing flower pollens with nectar honey and bee's salivary substances. It represents an important source of phenolic compounds which can have great importance for importance for prophylaxis of diseases, particularly to prevent cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, those having direct correlation with oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to characterize 24 bee pollen samples in terms of physicochemical parameters, organic acids, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, individual phenolics compounds, fatty acids, and amino acids from the Nort East region of Romania, which have not been studied until now. The bee pollen can be considered as a high protein source (the mean concentration was 22.31% d.m.) with a high energy value (390.66 kcal/100 g). The total phenolic content ranged between 4.64 and 17.93 mg GAE/g, while the total flavonoid content ranged between 4.90 and 20.45 mg QE/g. The high protein content was observed in , the high content of lipids was observed in pollen, the high fructose content in spp. pollen while the high F/G ratio was observed in spp. pollen. The high TPC was observed in spp. pollen, the high TFC was observed in pollen, the high free amino acid content was observed in spp. pollen, and the high content of PUFA was reported in spp. pollen. A total of 16 amino acids (eight essential and eight non-essential amino acids) were quantified in the bee pollen samples analyzed. The total content of the amino acids determined for the bee pollen samples varied between 11.31 µg/mg and 45.99 µg/mg. Our results can indicate that the bee pollen is a rich source of protein, fatty acids, amino acids and bioactive compounds.
蜂花粉是一种重要的蜂产品，它是由花花粉与花蜜和蜜蜂唾液物质混合而成。它是酚类化合物的重要来源，对疾病预防具有重要意义，特别是预防心血管和神经退行性疾病，这些疾病与氧化损伤直接相关。本研究的目的是对罗马尼亚东北部地区的24个蜂花粉样本进行物理化学参数、有机酸、总酚含量、总黄酮含量、单个酚类化合物、脂肪酸和氨基酸方面的表征，此前这些样本尚未被研究过。蜂花粉可被视为高蛋白来源（平均浓度为22.31%干物质），具有较高的能量值（390.66千卡/100克）。总酚含量在4.64至17.93毫克没食子酸当量/克之间，而总黄酮含量在4.90至20.45毫克槲皮素当量/克之间。在 花粉中观察到高蛋白含量，在 花粉中观察到高脂质含量，在 属花粉中观察到高果糖含量，而在 属花粉中观察到高F/G比值。在 属花粉中观察到高总酚含量，在 花粉中观察到高总黄酮含量，在 属花粉中观察到高游离氨基酸含量，在 属花粉中报告了高多不饱和脂肪酸含量。在所分析的蜂花粉样本中总共定量了16种氨基酸（8种必需氨基酸和8种非必需氨基酸）。所测定的蜂花粉样本中氨基酸的总含量在11.31微克/毫克至45.99微克/毫克之间变化。我们的结果表明，蜂花粉是蛋白质、脂肪酸、氨基酸和生物活性化合物的丰富来源。
