Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 25;23(17):9613. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179613.
Chloroplasts are ancient organelles responsible for photosynthesis and various biosynthetic functions essential to most life on Earth. Many of these functions require tightly controlled regulatory processes to maintain homeostasis at the protein level. One such regulatory mechanism is the ubiquitin-proteasome system whose fundamental role is increasingly emerging in chloroplasts. In particular, the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases as determinants in the ubiquitination and degradation of specific intra-chloroplast proteins. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles of plant E3 ubiquitin ligases SP1, COP1, PUB4, CHIP, and TT3.1 as well as the ubiquitin-dependent segregase CDC48 in chloroplast function.
叶绿体是古老的细胞器，负责光合作用和地球上大多数生命所必需的各种生物合成功能。其中许多功能需要严格控制的调节过程来维持蛋白质水平的内稳态。泛素-蛋白酶体系统就是这样一种调节机制，它在叶绿体中的基本作用正日益显现。特别是 E3 泛素连接酶作为决定特定类囊体蛋白泛素化和降解的因素。在这里，我们重点介绍了近年来对植物 E3 泛素连接酶 SP1、COP1、PUB4、CHIP 和 TT3.1 以及依赖泛素的分离酶 CDC48 在叶绿体功能中的作用的理解进展。
