College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 4;23(17):10121. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710121.
Yellow catfish () is an important aquaculture fish susceptible to infection, which causes acute death resulting in huge economic losses. Understanding the molecular processes of host immune defense is indispensable to disease control. Here, we conducted the integrated and comparative analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome of yellow catfish in response to infection at the invaded stage and recovering stage. The crosstalk between -induced genes and metabolites uncovered the key biomarkers and pathways that strongest contribute to different response strategies used by yellow catfish at corresponding defense stages. We found that at the invading stage, the immune defense was strengthened by synthesizing lipids with energy consumption to repair the skin defense line and accumulate lipid droplets promoting intracellular defense line; triggering an inflammatory response by elevating cytokine IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β following PAMP-elicited mitochondrial signaling, which was enhanced by ROS produced by impaired mitochondria; and activating apoptosis by up-regulating caspase 3, 7 and 8 and Prostaglandin F1α, meanwhile down-regulating FoxO3 and BCL6. Apoptosis was further potentiated via oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and exceeding inflammatory response. Additionally, cell cycle arrest was observed. At the fish recovering stage, survival strategies including sugar catabolism with D-mannose decreasing; energy generation through the TCA cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation pathways; antioxidant protection by enhancing Glutathione (oxidized), Anserine, and α-ketoglutarate; cell proliferation by inducing Cyclin G2 and CDKN1B; and autophagy initiated by FoxO3, ATG8 and ATP6V1A were highlighted. This study provides a comprehensive picture of yellow catfish coping with infection, which adds new insights for deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying fish immunity and developing stage-specific disease control techniques in aquaculture.
黄颡鱼（）是一种重要的水产养殖鱼类，易感染（），导致急性死亡，造成巨大的经济损失。了解宿主免疫防御的分子过程对于疾病控制是必不可少的。在这里，我们对感染入侵阶段和恢复阶段黄颡鱼的转录组和代谢组进行了综合和比较分析。-诱导基因和代谢物的串扰揭示了最强的关键生物标志物和途径，这些标志物和途径为黄颡鱼在相应防御阶段使用的不同反应策略做出贡献。我们发现，在入侵阶段，通过合成具有能量消耗的脂质来增强免疫防御，以修复皮肤防御线并积累促进细胞内防御线的脂质滴；通过 PAMP 引发的线粒体信号升高细胞因子 IL-6、IL-10 和 IL-1β，引发炎症反应，这是由受损线粒体产生的 ROS 增强的；通过上调 caspase 3、7 和 8 以及前列腺素 F1α，同时下调 FoxO3 和 BCL6，激活细胞凋亡。凋亡通过线粒体功能障碍和炎症反应加剧引起的氧化应激进一步增强。此外，观察到细胞周期停滞。在鱼类恢复阶段，生存策略包括减少 D-甘露糖的糖代谢；通过三羧酸循环和氧化磷酸化途径产生能量；通过增强谷胱甘肽（氧化）、肌肽和α-酮戊二酸来进行抗氧化保护；通过诱导 Cyclin G2 和 CDKN1B 来促进细胞增殖；通过 FoxO3、ATG8 和 ATP6V1A 引发自噬。本研究为黄颡鱼应对感染提供了一个全面的图景，为解析鱼类免疫的分子机制和开发水产养殖特定阶段的疾病控制技术提供了新的见解。
