Kasapidou Eleni, Karatzia Maria-Anastasia, Mitlianga Paraskevi, Basdagianni Zoitsa
Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, Terma Kontopoulou, 53100 Florina, Greece.
Research Institute of Animal Science, HAO-Demeter, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Aug 26;12(17):2204. doi: 10.3390/ani12172204.
An increased consumer interest in goat milk has been registered in recent years due to its health-related benefits. This study aimed to investigate the effects of production systems and seasons on fatty-acid composition and nutritional indices for the healthy fat consumption of retail goat milk. The study lasted one year, and milk samples ( = 160) from 14 brands (10 conventional and 4 organic) were collected on a monthly basis. Organic milk had a marginally lower fat and protein content compared with conventionally produced milk according to the declared chemical composition. The production system did not significantly affect milk fatty-acid composition and its nutritional value, indicating that there were no major differences in the feeding strategies between conventionally and organically raised ewes. Seasonal effects were observed in the fatty-acid profile and the nutritional indices. Lower content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H) and linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) ratio values were observed in summer. Retail goat milk had a desirable nutritional value, irrespective of production system and season, due to the following characteristics: low atherogenic index (AI) and LA/ALA ratio values, and high h/H ratio, desirable fatty acid (DFA) values and health-promoting index values. In conclusion, neither production nor season significantly impacted the fatty-acid composition and the fat-consumption nutritional indices of retail goat milk produced in Greece.
近年来，由于羊奶对健康有益，消费者对其兴趣有所增加。本研究旨在调查生产系统和季节对零售羊奶脂肪酸组成以及健康脂肪消费营养指标的影响。该研究持续了一年，每月收集来自14个品牌（10个传统品牌和4个有机品牌）的牛奶样本（ = 160）。根据公布的化学成分，有机牛奶的脂肪和蛋白质含量略低于传统生产的牛奶。生产系统对牛奶脂肪酸组成及其营养价值没有显著影响，这表明传统饲养和有机饲养的母羊在饲养策略上没有重大差异。在脂肪酸谱和营养指标中观察到了季节效应。夏季饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量、降胆固醇/升胆固醇比率（h/H）以及亚油酸/α-亚麻酸（LA/ALA）比率值较低。零售羊奶具有理想的营养价值，无论生产系统和季节如何，这是由于以下特点：低致动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）和LA/ALA比率值，以及高h/H比率、理想脂肪酸（DFA）值和促进健康指数值。总之，生产和季节对希腊生产的零售羊奶的脂肪酸组成和脂肪消费营养指标均无显著影响。
