2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Cells. 2022 Aug 30;11(17):2703. doi: 10.3390/cells11172703.
M2b monocytes commonly isolated from patients with unhealthy alcohol use (Alc) have been described as cells that make the host susceptible to opportunistic infections. CD34CD10CD19 cells are multilineage progenitors of CD19 cells, and we show that the effect of these cells from the peripheral blood on M2b monocyte polarization differed between healthy donors and Alc in this study. In healthy donors, these cells consistently differentiated into high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)-nonproducing cells (CD19 cells) in response to retinoic acid (RA). However, owing to the lack of expression of RA receptor (RAR), these cells from Alc failed to differentiate into CD19 cells under the same RA stimulation. Conditioned medium (CM) of these cells from Alc induced the polarization of M2b monocytes, which increases the susceptibility of hosts to opportunistic infections in Alc. When the alcoholic individuals were subjected to 2 weeks of abstinence from alcohol, these cells from Alc recovered their RAR expression and differentiated into CD19 cells. Moreover, the CM of these cells from Alc after abstinence lost its ability to induce M2b monocyte polarization. These results indicate that these cells from Alc have different properties from those of healthy donors. In Alc, these cells without RAR stimulate M2b monocyte polarization through the production of HMGB1.
从不健康饮酒（Alc）患者中分离出的 M2b 单核细胞通常被描述为使宿主易患机会性感染的细胞。CD34CD10CD19 细胞是 CD19 细胞的多谱系祖细胞，我们在这项研究中表明，外周血中这些细胞对 M2b 单核细胞极化的影响在健康供体和 Alc 之间存在差异。在健康供体中，这些细胞在视黄酸（RA）刺激下一致分化为高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）非产生细胞（CD19 细胞）。然而，由于缺乏 RA 受体（RAR）的表达，这些 Alc 中的细胞在相同的 RA 刺激下未能分化为 CD19 细胞。来自 Alc 的这些细胞的条件培养基（CM）诱导 M2b 单核细胞的极化，这增加了 Alc 中宿主对机会性感染的易感性。当酒精个体从酒精中禁欲 2 周时，这些来自 Alc 的细胞恢复了它们的 RAR 表达并分化为 CD19 细胞。此外，禁欲后来自 Alc 的这些细胞的 CM 丧失了诱导 M2b 单核细胞极化的能力。这些结果表明，来自 Alc 的这些细胞与健康供体具有不同的特性。在 Alc 中，这些没有 RAR 的细胞通过产生 HMGB1 刺激 M2b 单核细胞极化。
