Physical Education and Social Sciences Department, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
Social Anthropology, Basic Psychology and Public Health Department, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 26;19(17):10662. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710662.
(1) Background: The subject of athlete burnout is often discussed among sports psychologists. Interventions to reduce this phenomenon are still under investigation with follow-ups. Thus, the purpose of the current meta-analysis is to examine psychological interventions that was carried out to decrease or eliminate burnout syndrome in young athletes. (2) Methods: Scientific electronic databases were searched, and five published studies published between January and June 2022 that met the criteria were selected. The systematic review and meta-analyses followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Cochrane collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias was used to assess the studies' quality. Metafor, a package of the R statistical program, was used to perform the analysis. (3) Results: Cognitive behavioral therapy- and mindfulness-based interventions effectively reduced most dimensions of burnout. Moreover, online interventions were significantly more beneficial in this reduction. (4) Conclusions: There should be more high-quality studies on the effectiveness of psychological interventions in reducing burnout, mainly because it leads to tremendous physical and psychological problems for athletes and their coaches; therefore, it requires particular interventions and prevention strategies.
(1) 背景：运动员倦怠是运动心理学家经常讨论的话题。减少这种现象的干预措施仍在调查中并进行后续跟踪。因此，目前荟萃分析的目的是研究旨在减少或消除年轻运动员倦怠综合征的心理干预措施。(2) 方法：检索科学电子数据库，选择 2022 年 1 月至 6 月期间发表的符合标准的五项已发表研究。系统评价和荟萃分析遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 指南。使用 Cochrane 协作工具评估研究质量来评估研究的质量。使用 R 统计程序的 Metafor 包进行分析。(3) 结果：认知行为疗法和基于正念的干预措施有效地降低了倦怠的大多数维度。此外，在线干预在这种减少方面更有效。(4) 结论：应该有更多关于心理干预在减少倦怠方面的有效性的高质量研究，主要是因为它会给运动员及其教练带来巨大的身心问题；因此，需要特别的干预措施和预防策略。
