Chongqing Jinfo Mountain National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystem, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Key Laboratory of Monitoring, Evaluation and Early Warning of Territorial Spatial Planning Implementation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chongqing 401147, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 31;19(17):10840. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710840.
China's education has developed rapidly in recent years, but the issue of educational equality still exists. Currently, there are few studies on educational resources, and their spatial pattern and fairness remain unclear. Thus, this study selected the point of interest data and spatial analysis methods to depict the spatial pattern of educational resources (containing the number of teachers, students, facilities, etc.). Then, we evaluated the equity of educational resources (including the number of schools and school teachers) in terms of geographic and population distribution by combining statistical yearbook data with two indices (the index of dissimilarity and agglomeration degree) to promote healthy urban development. The results show the following. (1) Educational resources have a multicenter spatial structure of "dual cores and multiple sub-centers". The Moran index reflects a weak positive spatial correlation between educational resources. (2) The index of dissimilarity is between 0.02 and 0.21, which shows that the allocation of resources is relatively balanced. Regarding internal units, obvious differences exist in the agglomeration degree and equilibrium of educational resources.
近年来，中国的教育事业迅速发展，但教育公平问题仍然存在。目前，关于教育资源的研究较少，其空间格局和公平性尚不清楚。因此，本研究选取兴趣点数据和空间分析方法来描述教育资源（包含教师人数、学生人数、设施等）的空间格局。然后，我们结合统计年鉴数据和两个指标（不相似指数和集聚度），从地理和人口分布两个方面评估教育资源（包含学校和学校教师数量）的公平性，以促进健康城市发展。结果表明：（1）教育资源具有“双核心多副中心”的多中心空间结构，Moran 指数反映了教育资源之间较弱的正向空间相关性。（2）不相似指数在 0.02 到 0.21 之间，表明资源配置相对均衡。就内部单元而言，教育资源的集聚程度和均衡性存在明显差异。
