Tian Wenfei, Wang Fengju, Xu Kaijie, Zhang Zhaoxing, Yan Junliang, Yan Jun, Tian Yubing, Liu Jindong, Zhang Yan, Zhang Yong, He Zhonghu
National Wheat Improvement Centre, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 29;11(17):2237. doi: 10.3390/plants11172237.
The health benefits of whole wheat grains are partially attributed to their phenolic acid composition, especially that of -ferulic acid (TFA), which is a powerful natural antioxidant. Breeders and producers are becoming interested in wheat with enhanced health-promoting effects. This study investigated the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates (0, 42, 84, 126, and 168 N kg ha) on the phenolic acid composition of three wheat varieties in four locations for two years. The results indicate that the different N rates did not affect the TFA concentration but that they significantly affected the concentrations of -coumaric acid, sinapic acid, and -ferulic acid in the wheat grains. A statistical analysis suggested that the wheat phenolic acid composition was predominantly determined by wheat variety, though there existed some interaction effect between the wheat variety and environments. The TFA concentration of the variety Jimai 22 was generally higher (with a mean value of 726.04 µg/g) but was easily affected by the environment, while the TFA concentration of the variety Zhongmai 578 (with a mean value of 618.01 µg/g) was more stable across the different environments. The results also suggest that it is possible to develop new wheat varieties with high yield potential, good end-use properties, and enhanced nutraceutical values.
全麦谷物对健康的益处部分归因于其酚酸成分，尤其是对香豆酸（TFA），它是一种强大的天然抗氧化剂。育种者和生产者对具有增强健康促进作用的小麦越来越感兴趣。本研究调查了不同施氮量（0、42、84、126和168 N kg/ha）对三个小麦品种在四个地点连续两年酚酸成分的影响。结果表明，不同施氮量对TFA浓度没有影响，但对小麦籽粒中对香豆酸、芥子酸和阿魏酸的浓度有显著影响。统计分析表明，小麦酚酸成分主要由小麦品种决定，不过小麦品种与环境之间存在一些交互作用。济麦22品种的TFA浓度普遍较高（平均值为726.04 µg/g），但容易受到环境影响，而中麦578品种的TFA浓度（平均值为618.01 µg/g）在不同环境中更稳定。结果还表明，有可能培育出具有高产潜力、良好加工品质和增强营养保健价值的新小麦品种。
