Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 30;27(17):5594. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175594.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary system in Europe and America. According to the data in the World Cancer Report 2020, the incidence rate of PCa ranks second in the prevalence of male malignant tumors and varies worldwide between regions and population groups. Although early PCa can achieve good therapeutic results after surgical treatment, due to advanced PCa, it can adapt and tolerate androgen castration-related drugs through a variety of mechanisms. For this reason, it is often difficult to achieve effective therapeutic results in the treatment of advanced PCa. Tanshinone is a new fat-soluble phenanthraquinone compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza that can play a therapeutic role in different cancers, including PCa. Several studies have shown that Tanshinone can target various molecular pathways of PCa, including the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, androgen receptor (AR) pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which will affect the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor metabolism, genomic stability, and tumor drug resistance. Thus, the occurrence and development of PCa cells are inhibited. In this review, we summarized the in vivo and in vitro evidence of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and discussed the effect of Tanshinone on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), AR, and mTOR. At the same time, we conducted a network pharmacology analysis on the four main components of Tanshinone to further screen the possible targets of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and provide ideas for future research.
前列腺癌（PCa）是欧美男性泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤。根据 2020 年《世界癌症报告》的数据，PCa 的发病率在男性恶性肿瘤的患病率中排名第二，且在全球范围内存在地区和人群差异。虽然早期 PCa 经手术治疗后可获得较好的治疗效果，但由于晚期 PCa 可通过多种机制适应和耐受雄激素剥夺相关药物，因此在晚期 PCa 的治疗中往往难以取得有效的治疗效果。丹参酮是从丹参中衍生出的一种新型脂溶性菲醌化合物，可在包括 PCa 在内的多种癌症中发挥治疗作用。多项研究表明，丹参酮可靶向 PCa 的多种分子通路，包括信号转导子和转录激活子 3（STAT3）通路、雄激素受体（AR）通路、磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶 B（Akt）/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）通路和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）通路，从而影响促炎细胞因子的释放，并影响细胞增殖、凋亡、肿瘤代谢、基因组稳定性和肿瘤耐药性，进而抑制 PCa 细胞的发生和发展。在本综述中，我们总结了丹参酮在体内和体外抗前列腺癌的证据，并讨论了丹参酮对核因子 kappa-B（NF-κB）、AR 和 mTOR 的影响。同时，我们对丹参酮的四个主要成分进行了网络药理学分析，以进一步筛选丹参酮抗前列腺癌的可能靶点，为未来的研究提供思路。
