Kaddu-Mulindwa Dominic, Heit Matthias, Wagenpfeil Gudrun, Bewarder Moritz, Fassbender Klaus, Behnke Stefanie, Yilmaz Umut, Fousse Mathias
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany.
Institute for Medical Biometrics, Epidemiology and Medical Computer Science, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany.
Front Neurol. 2022 Aug 23;13:962535. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.962535. eCollection 2022.
Despite antiretroviral therapy, cognitive dysfunction seems to remain a major issue for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Previous studies showed a correlation between the width of the third ventricle (WTV) and neurocognitive disorders in PLWH.
We investigated prevalence and correlation of neuropsychological disorders using WTV as a brain atrophy marker examined by transcranial sonography and MRI in PLWH and healthy age- and gender-matched controls. We used Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) for depression screening, the questionnaires Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for fatigue and Short-Form-36 (SF36) for quality of life (QoL) evaluation and Consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD-PLUS) as neuropsychological test battery.
52 PLWH (47 males) and 28 non-infected controls (23 males) with a median age of 52 years (24-78 years) and 51 years (22-79) were analyzed. WTV correlated significantly with age ( < 0.01) but showed no significantly difference in PLWH (median = 3.4 mm) compared to healthy controls (median = 2.8 mm) ( = 0.085). PLWH had both significantly higher BDI-Scores ( = 0.005) and FSS-Scores ( = 0.012). Controls reported higher QoL (SF-36) with significant differences in most items. However, the overall cognitive performance (CERAD total score) showed no significant difference. The WTV of all subjects correlated with neurocognitive performance measured as CERAD total score ( = 0.009) and trail making tests A ( < 0.001) and B ( = 0.018). There was no correlation between the scores of BDI, FSS, SF-36, and CERAD-PLUS items and WTV.
WTV is considered as a predictor of cognitive deficits in neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, we found no significant difference in WTV or overall cognitive performance between PLWH and controls. PLWH suffer more often from depression and fatigue and report reduced QoL when compared to healthy controls.
尽管有抗逆转录病毒疗法，但认知功能障碍似乎仍然是人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者（PLWH）的一个主要问题。先前的研究表明，第三脑室宽度（WTV）与PLWH的神经认知障碍之间存在相关性。
我们在PLWH以及年龄和性别匹配的健康对照中，使用经颅超声和MRI检查的WTV作为脑萎缩标志物，调查神经心理障碍的患病率及其相关性。我们使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）进行抑郁筛查，疲劳严重程度量表（FSS）问卷评估疲劳情况，简短健康调查问卷（SF36）评估生活质量（QoL），并使用阿尔茨海默病注册协会联合量表（CERAD-PLUS）作为神经心理测试组合。
分析了52例PLWH（47例男性）和28例未感染对照（23例男性），他们的年龄中位数分别为52岁（24 - 78岁）和51岁（22 - 79岁）。WTV与年龄显著相关（<0.01），但与健康对照（中位数 = 2.8 mm）相比，PLWH的WTV（中位数 = 3.4 mm）无显著差异（=0.085）。PLWH的BDI评分（=0.005）和FSS评分（=0.012）均显著更高。对照报告的生活质量（SF - 36）更高，大多数项目存在显著差异。然而，总体认知表现（CERAD总分）无显著差异。所有受试者的WTV与以CERAD总分衡量的神经认知表现相关（=0.009），与连线测验A（<0.001）和连线测验B（=0.018）相关。BDI、FSS、SF - 36和CERAD - PLUS项目的评分与WTV之间无相关性。
WTV被认为是神经退行性疾病中认知缺陷的一个预测指标。然而，我们发现PLWH与对照之间在WTV或总体认知表现上无显著差异。与健康对照相比，PLWH更常患有抑郁症和疲劳，且报告生活质量降低。
