Sun Yang, Li Yan, Zhang Wen, Jiang Bin, Tao Si-Min, Dai Han-Yang, Xu Xin-Tong, Sun Yue-Xin, Yang Lei, Zhang Yong-Jun
Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Aug 23;13:863626. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863626. eCollection 2022.
The ()-β-farnesene (EβF) is one of the most important secondary metabolites in some plants and provides indirect defense against aphids. However, the direct effect of EβF against pests is still unclear. In this study, various concentrations of EβF (0.16, 0.8, and 4 g/kg) were provided in an artificial diet to determine the direct effects of EβF on . The results showed that an artificial diet containing 4 g/kg of EβF reduced the final survival of the larvae and per female fecundity of adults significantly when compared with CK and SC controls ( < 0.05), then ultimately it also significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the EβF bioassay in an artificial diet also indicated that the proliferation of the population was inhibited by the ingestion of EβF in a dose-dependent manner. Combined differential RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR analysis, it was found that four key genes involved in juvenile hormone degradation significantly upregulated in larvae treated by EβF at a dose of 0.8 and 4 g/kg when compared with two controls ( < 0.05). This indicated that EβF could disturb the normal function of juvenile hormones and reduce the survival rate of larvae. Additionally, two key genes that regulate per fecundity of females, including and , were significantly downregulated in adult females ( < 0.05) when they were treated with 0.8 and 4 g/kg of EβF at the larval stage, relative to the expression of these genes after treatment with controls. These findings suggested that EβF first disturbed the normal function of juvenile hormone by upregulating key degradation genes, and then inhibited the expression of / genes and proteins, thus reducing the population size of by increasing larval mortality and inhibiting per female fecundity.
（）-β-法尼烯（EβF）是一些植物中最重要的次生代谢产物之一，可提供对蚜虫的间接防御。然而，EβF对害虫的直接作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，在人工饲料中提供了不同浓度的EβF（0.16、0.8和4 g/kg），以确定EβF对……的直接作用。结果表明，与CK和SC对照相比，含有4 g/kg EβF的人工饲料显著降低了……幼虫的最终存活率和成虫的每雌繁殖力（P<0.05），最终也显著影响了内禀增长率（P<0.05）。此外，人工饲料中EβF生物测定的结果还表明，EβF的摄入以剂量依赖的方式抑制了……种群的增殖。结合差异RNA测序数据和RT-qPCR分析，发现与两个对照相比，在0.8和4 g/kg剂量的EβF处理的……幼虫中，参与保幼激素降解的四个关键基因显著上调（P<0.05）。这表明EβF可能会干扰保幼激素的正常功能并降低……幼虫的存活率。此外，相对于对照处理后这些基因的表达，在幼虫期用0.8和4 g/kg EβF处理的成年雌性中，调节……雌性每雌繁殖力的两个关键基因，包括……和……，显著下调（P<0.05）。这些发现表明，EβF首先通过上调关键降解基因干扰保幼激素的正常功能，然后抑制……/……基因和蛋白质的表达，从而通过增加幼虫死亡率和抑制每雌繁殖力来减少……的种群数量。
