Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2022 Sep 9;17(9):e0274295. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274295. eCollection 2022.
To analyze mortality trends in Switzerland in 2021, the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Using data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office, we compared mortality in Switzerland in 2021 with that of previous years in terms of standardized weekly deaths, standardized (annual) mortality rates (overall and stratified by age and sex) and life expectancy. The latter is a well-known demographic concept defining the average lifespan of a hypothetical cohort living and dying according to the mortality rates of a given year.
After a favorable first half of the year and a fairly standard second half in terms of mortality in Switzerland, the year 2021 ended with a wave of deaths of moderate intensity related to the 5th wave of COVID-19. Overall, and after a notable increase in mortality in 2020 (+9.2%, 95%CI: +8.0%; +10.3%, compared to 2019, and +5.1%, 95%CI: +4.3%; +6.0%, compared to 2015-19), the pre-pandemic mortality level was approximately recovered in 2021 (+0.8%, 95%CI: -0.3%; +0.8%, compared to 2019, and -2.9%, 95%CI: -3.7%; -2.2%, compared to 2015-19). Life expectancy, after declining by 10 months for men and 6 months for women in 2020 (i.e. men would have lost 10 months and women 6 months had they lived their entire lives with COVID-19 as it was in 2020), returned in 2021 to 2019 levels for women (85.6 years) and regained 2018 levels for men (81.6 years, still -0.3 years from 2019). The age group responsible for the small remaining loss for men was the 50-70 age group, which had similar mortality in 2020 and 2021.
The second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland was characterized by an approximate return to pre-pandemic mortality levels, with a faster recovery for women than for men with respect to 2020.
分析 2021 年瑞士的死亡率趋势，这是 COVID-19 大流行的第二年。
利用瑞士联邦统计局的数据，我们比较了 2021 年瑞士的标准化周死亡率、标准化（年）死亡率（总体以及按年龄和性别分层）和预期寿命。后者是一个众所周知的人口统计学概念，它定义了按照给定年份的死亡率生活和死亡的假想队列的平均寿命。
在 2021 年上半年死亡率较好，下半年死亡率较为标准之后，该年结束时出现了与第 5 波 COVID-19 相关的中等强度死亡浪潮。总体而言，与 2019 年相比，2020 年死亡率显著增加（+9.2%，95%CI：+8.0%；+10.3%，与 2015-19 年相比增加 5.1%，95%CI：+4.3%；+6.0%），2021 年基本恢复了大流行前的死亡率水平（与 2019 年相比增加 0.8%，95%CI：-0.3%；+0.8%，与 2015-19 年相比减少 2.9%，95%CI：-3.7%；-2.2%）。2020 年男性预期寿命下降 10 个月，女性下降 6 个月（即，如果男性和女性在 2020 年的 COVID-19 死亡率下度过一生，他们将分别损失 10 个月和 6 个月），2021 年女性预期寿命恢复到 2019 年的水平（85.6 岁），男性预期寿命恢复到 2018 年的水平（81.6 岁，仍比 2019 年低 0.3 岁）。导致男性预期寿命仍有微小损失的年龄组是 50-70 岁年龄组，该年龄组 2020 年和 2021 年的死亡率相似。
瑞士 COVID-19 大流行的第二年的特点是基本恢复到大流行前的死亡率水平，与 2020 年相比，女性的恢复速度快于男性。
