Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
J Occup Health. 2022 Jan;64(1):e12358. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12358.
There is scattered evidence of the impact of workplace interventions in improving employees' physical activity. This systematic review was performed to evaluate the strategies of workplace interventions and their effectiveness, as reported in primary studies.
Primary experimental trials, both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, which examined interventions to increase healthy adult employees' physical activity were included in this review. Studies in English or Persian published between 2009 and 2019 with access to full text of resources were considered. Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library, ProQuest (Thesis) and World Health Organization Clinical Trial Registration Databases and Persian databases such as SID, Magiran, IranMedex, Irandoc were searched. All the stages of review were conducted based on PRISMA. RoB and ROBINS-I were used to assess the risk of bias of the primary studies.
Thirty-nine studies, with a total of 18 494 participants, met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 22 were RCTs, 17 were non-RCTs. Effective interventions were reported in 15 RCTs and 14 non-RCTs. Four main strategies of interventions were identified, consisting of motivation and support; monitoring and feedback; information and education; and activity. Thirteen different behavior change techniques (BCT) were identified with self-determination theory (SDT) being the most frequent behavior change theory used.
It seems that a multi-strategy intervention that one of the strategies of which is physical activity in the workplace (Activity), the use of behavioral change theories, especially SDT, may be indicative of a more effective intervention. It is recommended that BCTs be considered when designing physical activity interventions.
有一些分散的证据表明，工作场所干预措施可以改善员工的身体活动。本系统评价旨在评估主要研究报告的工作场所干预策略及其效果。
本综述纳入了旨在增加健康成年员工身体活动的干预措施的原始实验性试验，包括随机对照试验（RCT）和非 RCT。研究对象为英语或波斯语发表的 2009 年至 2019 年间的文献，且可获取全文资源。检索了 Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library、ProQuest（论文）以及世界卫生组织临床试验注册数据库和 Persian 数据库（如 SID、Magiran、Irandoc）。所有综述阶段均根据 PRISMA 进行。使用 RoB 和 ROBINS-I 评估原始研究的偏倚风险。
符合纳入标准的研究共 39 项，总计 18494 名参与者。其中，22 项为 RCT，17 项为非 RCT。15 项 RCT 和 14 项非 RCT 报告了有效的干预措施。确定了干预的四个主要策略，包括激励和支持；监测和反馈；信息和教育；以及活动。确定了 13 种不同的行为改变技术（BCT），其中自我决定理论（SDT）是使用最频繁的行为改变理论。
似乎多策略干预措施，其中一个策略是工作场所的身体活动（Activity），使用行为改变理论，特别是 SDT，可能预示着干预更为有效。建议在设计身体活动干预措施时考虑 BCT。
