Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
College of Horticulture, Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Sep 10;194(10):763. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10448-3.
Metal(loid)s in cultivated land become an important issue with respect to human health and food security. However, it remains challenging to identify metal(loid) pollution characteristics due to varying environmental settings at the local scale. In this study, the geographic information system and categorical regression model were applied to analyze the spatial distribution and influencing factors of metal(loid)s in cultivated land using 90 sampling sites in Xianjia Town, Southeast China. The pollution levels and ecological risks of five metal(loid)s-Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, and As-were further investigated using the single pollution index (PI), Nemerow comprehensive pollution index (PN), and potential ecological risk index (RI). The results indicate that the cultivated soils were affected by Cd and Pb pollution, with 3.06 and 6.30 times higher average concentrations than the soil environment background values (SEBV) of Fujian Province, respectively. Based on the CATREG model, crop type had a great impact on Pb and Hg contents. Cr contents were higher in rice fields, while Hg and As concentrations were higher in turmeric fields. Cr and Hg contents under five crop types did not exceed the SEBV of Fujian Province. The average Pb contents in rice fields were 1.25 and the Cd contents in vegetable fields 1.09 times higher than the average value in sampled soils. According to the RI, 63.66% of the sampling points were at medium to high risk. These findings enhance our understanding of the metal(loid)s pollution characteristics and their ecological risks in cultivated land at the local scale.
耕地中的金属（类）物质是影响人类健康和食品安全的一个重要问题。然而，由于当地环境条件的变化，金属（类）物质污染特征的识别仍然具有挑战性。本研究采用地理信息系统和分类回归模型，以中国东南部仙夹镇的 90 个采样点为例，分析了耕地中金属（类）物质的空间分布及其影响因素。利用单因子污染指数（PI）、内梅罗综合污染指数（PN）和潜在生态风险指数（RI），进一步研究了五种金属（类）物质（Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg 和 As）的污染水平和生态风险。结果表明，耕地土壤受到 Cd 和 Pb 污染的影响，其平均浓度分别比福建省土壤环境背景值高 3.06 倍和 6.30 倍。基于 CATREG 模型，作物类型对 Pb 和 Hg 含量有较大影响。稻田中 Cr 含量较高，而在 turmeric 田中 Hg 和 As 浓度较高。五种作物类型下的 Cr 和 Hg 含量均未超过福建省土壤环境背景值。稻田中 Pb 的平均含量为 1.25，菜地中 Cd 的平均含量为采样土壤中 Cd 含量的 1.09 倍。根据 RI，63.66%的采样点处于中到高风险水平。这些发现提高了我们对当地尺度耕地中金属（类）物质污染特征及其生态风险的认识。
