Research Center of Applied Geology of China Geological Survey, Chengdu, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 10;12(1):19195. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20867-4.
In order to reveal the Spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s health risk in soil on the town-scale, 788 topsoil samples were collected from a town in the hinterland of Chengdu Plain, with 5 subordinate communities and 17 administrative villages as the research sub regions. The USEPA health risk assessment model was used to assess the health risks of heavy metal(loid)s Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn and Ni in the soil, the health risk analysis method system based on the geographic detector and the optimized rank-size theory model are used to clarify the spatial differentiation and risk level difference of health risk in the study area. The results showed that the average values of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in the soil of the study area were 0.221, 0.155, 9.76, 32.2, 91.9, 35.2, 37.1 and 108.8 mg/kg, respectively. The health risks of heavy metal(loid)s in soil to adults and children are generally within the acceptable range, but the maximum hazard index of children and the maximum non-carcinogenic risk value of Cr to children are 2.653303 and 1.213098 respectively, which were exceeding the acceptable range. The carcinogenic risk of Cr and As to adults and children and the carcinogenic risk of Cd to children are at 1 × 10 to 1 × 10, exceeding the 10 health threshold. The q-value range of heavy metal(loid)s health risk spatial differentiation of soil in the study area is 0.016-0.425. The spatial differentiation of non-carcinogenic risk of Hg, As, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr and the spatial differentiation of carcinogenic risk of Cr and As are larger, which needs further attention. The strictly controlled area of heavy metal(loid)s health risk in the soil of the study area (R ≥ 1.1) is mainly concentrated in the central, western and northeast sub regions, and most sub regions belong to the safe utilization area (0.9 < R < 1.1). The health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in soil on a town scale is of positive significance for enriching health risk research methods, measuring health risk levels at different scales, and formulating refined risk management and control strategies.
为揭示城镇尺度土壤重金属（类）健康风险的空间分布特征，采集成都平原腹地某镇域内 788 个表层土壤样品，以 5 个下属社区和 17 个行政村作为研究子区域。采用美国环境保护署（USEPA）健康风险评价模型，对土壤中 Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn、Ni 等重金属（类）的健康风险进行评价，利用基于地理探测器和优化的位序-规模理论模型的健康风险分析方法体系，阐明研究区健康风险的空间分异和风险水平差异。结果表明，研究区土壤中 Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn 的平均值分别为 0.221、0.155、9.76、32.2、91.9、35.2、37.1、108.8mg/kg。土壤重金属（类）对成人和儿童的健康风险总体处于可接受范围，但儿童最大危害指数和 Cr 对儿童最大非致癌风险值分别为 2.653303、1.213098，超出可接受范围。Cr 和 As 对成人和儿童的致癌风险以及 Cd 对儿童的致癌风险均处于 1×10至 1×10，超过 10健康阈值。研究区土壤重金属（类）健康风险空间分异的 q 值范围为 0.016~0.425。Hg、As、Ni、Pb、Cd、Cr 非致癌风险和 Cr、As 致癌风险的空间分异较大，需要进一步关注。研究区土壤重金属（类）健康风险严格控制区（R≥1.1）主要集中在中部、西部和东北部子区域，大部分子区域属于安全利用区（0.9<R<1.1）。城镇尺度土壤重金属（类）健康风险评估对于丰富健康风险研究方法、衡量不同尺度下的健康风险水平、制定精细化的风险管理和控制策略具有积极意义。
